ffmpeg.c

    ret = avfilter_graph_create_filter(&ofilter->filter,
                                       avfilter_get_by_name("abuffersink_old"),
                                       "ffmpeg_abuffersink_old", NULL, NULL, fg->graph);
    if (ret < 0)
        return ret;

#define AUTO_INSERT_FILTER(opt_name, filter_name, arg) do {                 \
    AVFilterContext *filt_ctx;                                              \
                                                                            \
    av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_INFO, opt_name " is forwarded to lavfi "            \
           "similarly to -af " filter_name "=%s.\n", arg);                  \
                                                                            \
    ret = avfilter_graph_create_filter(&filt_ctx,                           \
                                       avfilter_get_by_name(filter_name),   \
                                       filter_name, arg, NULL, fg->graph);  \
    if (ret < 0)                                                            \
        return ret;                                                         \
                                                                            \
    ret = avfilter_link(last_filter, pad_idx, filt_ctx, 0);                 \
    if (ret < 0)                                                            \
        return ret;                                                         \
                                                                            \
    last_filter = filt_ctx;                                                 \
    pad_idx = 0;                                                            \
} while (0)
    if (ost->audio_channels_mapped) {
        int i;
        AVBPrint pan_buf;
        av_bprint_init(&pan_buf, 256, 8192);
        av_bprintf(&pan_buf, "0x%"PRIx64,
                   av_get_default_channel_layout(ost->audio_channels_mapped));
        for (i = 0; i < ost->audio_channels_mapped; i++)
            if (ost->audio_channels_map[i] != -1)
                av_bprintf(&pan_buf, ":c%d=c%d", i, ost->audio_channels_map[i]);

        AUTO_INSERT_FILTER("-map_channel", "pan", pan_buf.str);
        av_bprint_finalize(&pan_buf, NULL);
    }

    if (codec->channels && !codec->channel_layout)
        codec->channel_layout = av_get_default_channel_layout(codec->channels);

    sample_fmts     = choose_sample_fmts(ost);
    sample_rates    = choose_sample_rates(ost);
    channel_layouts = choose_channel_layouts(ost);
    if (sample_fmts || sample_rates || channel_layouts) {
        AVFilterContext *format;
        char args[256];
        int len = 0;

        if (sample_fmts)
            len += snprintf(args + len, sizeof(args) - len, "sample_fmts=%s:",
                            sample_fmts);
        if (sample_rates)
            len += snprintf(args + len, sizeof(args) - len, "sample_rates=%s:",
                            sample_rates);
        if (channel_layouts)
            len += snprintf(args + len, sizeof(args) - len, "channel_layouts=%s:",
                            channel_layouts);
        args[len - 1] = 0;

        av_freep(&sample_fmts);
        av_freep(&sample_rates);
        av_freep(&channel_layouts);

        ret = avfilter_graph_create_filter(&format,
                                           avfilter_get_by_name("aformat"),
                                           "aformat", args, NULL, fg->graph);
        if (ret < 0)
            return ret;

        ret = avfilter_link(last_filter, pad_idx, format, 0);
        if (ret < 0)
            return ret;

        last_filter = format;
        pad_idx = 0;
    }

    if (audio_sync_method > 0 && 0) {
        char args[256] = {0};

        av_strlcatf(args, sizeof(args), "min_comp=0.001:min_hard_comp=%f", audio_drift_threshold);
        if (audio_sync_method > 1)
            av_strlcatf(args, sizeof(args), ":max_soft_comp=%d", -audio_sync_method);
        AUTO_INSERT_FILTER("-async", "aresample", args);
    }

    if (audio_volume != 256) {
        char args[256];

        snprintf(args, sizeof(args), "%f", audio_volume / 256.);
        AUTO_INSERT_FILTER("-vol", "volume", args);
    }

    if ((ret = avfilter_link(last_filter, pad_idx, ofilter->filter, 0)) < 0)
        return ret;

    return 0;
}

#define DESCRIBE_FILTER_LINK(f, inout, in)                         \
{                                                                  \
    AVFilterContext *ctx = inout->filter_ctx;                      \
    AVFilterPad *pads = in ? ctx->input_pads  : ctx->output_pads;  \
    int       nb_pads = in ? ctx->input_count : ctx->output_count; \
    AVIOContext *pb;                                               \
                                                                   \
    if (avio_open_dyn_buf(&pb) < 0)                                \
        exit_program(1);                                           \
                                                                   \
    avio_printf(pb, "%s", ctx->filter->name);                      \
    if (nb_pads > 1)                                               \
        avio_printf(pb, ":%s", pads[inout->pad_idx].name);         \
    avio_w8(pb, 0);                                                \
    avio_close_dyn_buf(pb, &f->name);                              \
}

static int configure_output_filter(FilterGraph *fg, OutputFilter *ofilter, AVFilterInOut *out)
{
    av_freep(&ofilter->name);
    DESCRIBE_FILTER_LINK(ofilter, out, 0);

    switch (out->filter_ctx->output_pads[out->pad_idx].type) {
    case AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO: return configure_output_video_filter(fg, ofilter, out);
    case AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO: return configure_output_audio_filter(fg, ofilter, out);
    default: av_assert0(0);
    }
}

static int configure_input_video_filter(FilterGraph *fg, InputFilter *ifilter,
                                        AVFilterInOut *in)
{
    AVFilterContext *first_filter = in->filter_ctx;
    AVFilter *filter = avfilter_get_by_name("buffer");
    InputStream *ist = ifilter->ist;
    AVRational tb = ist->framerate.num ? (AVRational){ist->framerate.den,
                                                      ist->framerate.num} :
                                         ist->st->time_base;
    AVRational sar;
    char args[255];
    int pad_idx = in->pad_idx;
    int ret;

    sar = ist->st->sample_aspect_ratio.num ?
          ist->st->sample_aspect_ratio :
          ist->st->codec->sample_aspect_ratio;
    snprintf(args, sizeof(args), "%d:%d:%d:%d:%d:%d:%d:flags=%d", ist->st->codec->width,
             ist->st->codec->height, ist->st->codec->pix_fmt,
             tb.num, tb.den, sar.num, sar.den,
             SWS_BILINEAR + ((ist->st->codec->flags&CODEC_FLAG_BITEXACT) ? SWS_BITEXACT:0));

    if ((ret = avfilter_graph_create_filter(&ifilter->filter, filter, in->name,
                                            args, NULL, fg->graph)) < 0)
        return ret;

    if (ist->framerate.num) {
        AVFilterContext *setpts;

        if ((ret = avfilter_graph_create_filter(&setpts,
                                                avfilter_get_by_name("setpts"),
                                                "setpts", "N", NULL,
                                                fg->graph)) < 0)
            return ret;

        if ((ret = avfilter_link(setpts, 0, first_filter, pad_idx)) < 0)
            return ret;

        first_filter = setpts;
        pad_idx = 0;
    }

    if ((ret = avfilter_link(ifilter->filter, 0, first_filter, pad_idx)) < 0)
        return ret;
    return 0;
}

static int configure_input_audio_filter(FilterGraph *fg, InputFilter *ifilter,
                                        AVFilterInOut *in)
{
    AVFilterContext *first_filter = in->filter_ctx;
    AVFilter *filter = avfilter_get_by_name("abuffer");
    InputStream *ist = ifilter->ist;
    int pad_idx = in->pad_idx;
    char args[255];
    int ret;

    snprintf(args, sizeof(args), "time_base=%d/%d:sample_rate=%d:sample_fmt=%s"
             ":channel_layout=0x%"PRIx64,
             ist->st->time_base.num, ist->st->time_base.den,
             ist->st->codec->sample_rate,
             av_get_sample_fmt_name(ist->st->codec->sample_fmt),
             ist->st->codec->channel_layout);

    if ((ret = avfilter_graph_create_filter(&ifilter->filter, filter,
                                            in->name, args, NULL,
                                            fg->graph)) < 0)
        return ret;

#define AUTO_INSERT_FILTER_INPUT(opt_name, filter_name, arg) do {                 \
    AVFilterContext *filt_ctx;                                              \
                                                                            \
    av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_INFO, opt_name " is forwarded to lavfi "            \
           "similarly to -af " filter_name "=%s.\n", arg);                  \
                                                                            \
    ret = avfilter_graph_create_filter(&filt_ctx,                           \
                                       avfilter_get_by_name(filter_name),   \
                                       filter_name, arg, NULL, fg->graph);  \
    if (ret < 0)                                                            \
        return ret;                                                         \
                                                                            \
    ret = avfilter_link(filt_ctx, 0, first_filter, pad_idx);                \
    if (ret < 0)                                                            \
        return ret;                                                         \
                                                                            \
    first_filter = filt_ctx;                                                  \
} while (0)

    if (audio_sync_method > 0) {
        char args[256] = {0};

        av_strlcatf(args, sizeof(args), "min_comp=0.001:min_hard_comp=%f", audio_drift_threshold);
        if (audio_sync_method > 1)
            av_strlcatf(args, sizeof(args), ":max_soft_comp=%f", audio_sync_method/(double)ist->st->codec->sample_rate);
        AUTO_INSERT_FILTER_INPUT("-async", "aresample", args);
    }

//     if (ost->audio_channels_mapped) {
//         int i;
//         AVBPrint pan_buf;
//         av_bprint_init(&pan_buf, 256, 8192);
//         av_bprintf(&pan_buf, "0x%"PRIx64,
//                    av_get_default_channel_layout(ost->audio_channels_mapped));
//         for (i = 0; i < ost->audio_channels_mapped; i++)
//             if (ost->audio_channels_map[i] != -1)
//                 av_bprintf(&pan_buf, ":c%d=c%d", i, ost->audio_channels_map[i]);
//         AUTO_INSERT_FILTER_INPUT("-map_channel", "pan", pan_buf.str);
//         av_bprint_finalize(&pan_buf, NULL);
//     }

    if (audio_volume != 256) {
        char args[256];

        snprintf(args, sizeof(args), "%f", audio_volume / 256.);
        AUTO_INSERT_FILTER_INPUT("-vol", "volume", args);
    }
    if ((ret = avfilter_link(ifilter->filter, 0, first_filter, pad_idx)) < 0)
        return ret;

    return 0;
}

static int configure_input_filter(FilterGraph *fg, InputFilter *ifilter,
                                  AVFilterInOut *in)
{
    av_freep(&ifilter->name);
    DESCRIBE_FILTER_LINK(ifilter, in, 1);

    switch (in->filter_ctx->input_pads[in->pad_idx].type) {
    case AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO: return configure_input_video_filter(fg, ifilter, in);
    case AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO: return configure_input_audio_filter(fg, ifilter, in);
    default: av_assert0(0);
    }
}

static int configure_filtergraph(FilterGraph *fg)
{
    AVFilterInOut *inputs, *outputs, *cur;
    int ret, i, init = !fg->graph, simple = !fg->graph_desc;
    const char *graph_desc = simple ? fg->outputs[0]->ost->avfilter :
                                      fg->graph_desc;

    avfilter_graph_free(&fg->graph);
    if (!(fg->graph = avfilter_graph_alloc()))
        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);

    if (simple) {
        OutputStream *ost = fg->outputs[0]->ost;
        char args[255];
        snprintf(args, sizeof(args), "flags=0x%X", (unsigned)ost->sws_flags);
        fg->graph->scale_sws_opts = av_strdup(args);
    }

    if ((ret = avfilter_graph_parse2(fg->graph, graph_desc, &inputs, &outputs)) < 0)
        return ret;

    if (simple && (!inputs || inputs->next || !outputs || outputs->next)) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Simple filtergraph '%s' does not have "
               "exactly one input and output.\n", graph_desc);
        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
    }

    for (cur = inputs; !simple && init && cur; cur = cur->next)
        init_input_filter(fg, cur);

    for (cur = inputs, i = 0; cur; cur = cur->next, i++)
        if ((ret = configure_input_filter(fg, fg->inputs[i], cur)) < 0)
            return ret;
    avfilter_inout_free(&inputs);

    if (!init || simple) {
        /* we already know the mappings between lavfi outputs and output streams,
         * so we can finish the setup */
        for (cur = outputs, i = 0; cur; cur = cur->next, i++)
            configure_output_filter(fg, fg->outputs[i], cur);
        avfilter_inout_free(&outputs);

        if ((ret = avfilter_graph_config(fg->graph, NULL)) < 0)
            return ret;
    } else {
        /* wait until output mappings are processed */
        for (cur = outputs; cur;) {
            fg->outputs = grow_array(fg->outputs, sizeof(*fg->outputs),
                                     &fg->nb_outputs, fg->nb_outputs + 1);
            if (!(fg->outputs[fg->nb_outputs - 1] = av_mallocz(sizeof(*fg->outputs[0]))))
                exit_program(1);
            fg->outputs[fg->nb_outputs - 1]->graph   = fg;
            fg->outputs[fg->nb_outputs - 1]->out_tmp = cur;
            cur = cur->next;
            fg->outputs[fg->nb_outputs - 1]->out_tmp->next = NULL;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

static int configure_complex_filters(void)
{
    int i, ret = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < nb_filtergraphs; i++)
        if (!filtergraphs[i]->graph &&
            (ret = configure_filtergraph(filtergraphs[i])) < 0)
            return ret;
    return 0;
}

static int ist_in_filtergraph(FilterGraph *fg, InputStream *ist)
{
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < fg->nb_inputs; i++)
        if (fg->inputs[i]->ist == ist)
            return 1;
    return 0;
}

static void term_exit(void)
{
    av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_QUIET, "%s", "");
#if HAVE_TERMIOS_H
    if(restore_tty)
        tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &oldtty);
#endif
}

static volatile int received_sigterm = 0;

static void sigterm_handler(int sig)
{
    received_sigterm = sig;
    received_nb_signals++;
    term_exit();
    if(received_nb_signals > 3)
        exit(123);
}

static void term_init(void)
{
#if HAVE_TERMIOS_H
    if(!run_as_daemon){
        struct termios tty;

        if (tcgetattr (0, &tty) == 0) {
            oldtty = tty;
            restore_tty = 1;
            atexit(term_exit);

            tty.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK|BRKINT|PARMRK|ISTRIP
                             |INLCR|IGNCR|ICRNL|IXON);
            tty.c_oflag |= OPOST;
            tty.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO|ECHONL|ICANON|IEXTEN);
            tty.c_cflag &= ~(CSIZE|PARENB);
            tty.c_cflag |= CS8;
            tty.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
            tty.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;

            tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &tty);
        }
        signal(SIGQUIT, sigterm_handler); /* Quit (POSIX).  */
    }
#endif
    avformat_network_deinit();

    signal(SIGINT , sigterm_handler); /* Interrupt (ANSI).    */
    signal(SIGTERM, sigterm_handler); /* Termination (ANSI).  */
#ifdef SIGXCPU
    signal(SIGXCPU, sigterm_handler);
#endif
}

/* read a key without blocking */
static int read_key(void)
{
    unsigned char ch;
#if HAVE_TERMIOS_H
    int n = 1;
    struct timeval tv;
    fd_set rfds;

    FD_ZERO(&rfds);
    FD_SET(0, &rfds);
    tv.tv_sec = 0;
    tv.tv_usec = 0;
    n = select(1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &tv);
    if (n > 0) {
        n = read(0, &ch, 1);
        if (n == 1)
            return ch;

        return n;
    }
#elif HAVE_KBHIT
#    if HAVE_PEEKNAMEDPIPE
    static int is_pipe;
    static HANDLE input_handle;
    DWORD dw, nchars;
    if(!input_handle){
        input_handle = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
        is_pipe = !GetConsoleMode(input_handle, &dw);
    }

    if (stdin->_cnt > 0) {
        read(0, &ch, 1);
        return ch;
    }
    if (is_pipe) {
        /* When running under a GUI, you will end here. */
        if (!PeekNamedPipe(input_handle, NULL, 0, NULL, &nchars, NULL))
            return -1;
        //Read it
        if(nchars != 0) {
            read(0, &ch, 1);
            return ch;
        }else{
            return -1;
        }
    }
#    endif
    if(kbhit())
        return(getch());
#endif
    return -1;
}

static int decode_interrupt_cb(void *ctx)
{
    return received_nb_signals > 1;
}

static const AVIOInterruptCB int_cb = { decode_interrupt_cb, NULL };

void av_noreturn exit_program(int ret)
{
    int i, j;

    for (i = 0; i < nb_filtergraphs; i++) {
        avfilter_graph_free(&filtergraphs[i]->graph);
        for (j = 0; j < filtergraphs[i]->nb_inputs; j++) {
            av_freep(&filtergraphs[i]->inputs[j]->name);
            av_freep(&filtergraphs[i]->inputs[j]);
        }
        av_freep(&filtergraphs[i]->inputs);
        for (j = 0; j < filtergraphs[i]->nb_outputs; j++) {
            av_freep(&filtergraphs[i]->outputs[j]->name);
            av_freep(&filtergraphs[i]->outputs[j]);
        }
        av_freep(&filtergraphs[i]->outputs);
        av_freep(&filtergraphs[i]);
    }
    av_freep(&filtergraphs);

    /* close files */
    for (i = 0; i < nb_output_files; i++) {
        AVFormatContext *s = output_files[i]->ctx;
        if (!(s->oformat->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE) && s->pb)
            avio_close(s->pb);
        avformat_free_context(s);
        av_dict_free(&output_files[i]->opts);
        av_freep(&output_files[i]);
    }
    for (i = 0; i < nb_output_streams; i++) {
        AVBitStreamFilterContext *bsfc = output_streams[i]->bitstream_filters;
        while (bsfc) {
            AVBitStreamFilterContext *next = bsfc->next;
            av_bitstream_filter_close(bsfc);
            bsfc = next;
        }
        output_streams[i]->bitstream_filters = NULL;

        av_freep(&output_streams[i]->filtered_frame);
        av_freep(&output_streams[i]->avfilter);
        av_freep(&output_streams[i]);
    }
    for (i = 0; i < nb_input_files; i++) {
        avformat_close_input(&input_files[i]->ctx);
        av_freep(&input_files[i]);
    }
    for (i = 0; i < nb_input_streams; i++) {
        av_freep(&input_streams[i]->decoded_frame);
        av_dict_free(&input_streams[i]->opts);
        free_buffer_pool(input_streams[i]);
        av_freep(&input_streams[i]->filters);
        av_freep(&input_streams[i]);
    }

    if (vstats_file)
        fclose(vstats_file);
    av_free(vstats_filename);

    av_freep(&input_streams);
    av_freep(&input_files);
    av_freep(&output_streams);
    av_freep(&output_files);

    uninit_opts();

    avfilter_uninit();
    avformat_network_deinit();

    if (received_sigterm) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_INFO, "Received signal %d: terminating.\n",
               (int) received_sigterm);
        exit (255);
    }

    exit(ret);
}

static void assert_avoptions(AVDictionary *m)
{
    AVDictionaryEntry *t;
    if ((t = av_dict_get(m, "", NULL, AV_DICT_IGNORE_SUFFIX))) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Option %s not found.\n", t->key);
        exit_program(1);
    }
}

static void assert_codec_experimental(AVCodecContext *c, int encoder)
{
    const char *codec_string = encoder ? "encoder" : "decoder";
    AVCodec *codec;
    if (c->codec->capabilities & CODEC_CAP_EXPERIMENTAL &&
        c->strict_std_compliance > FF_COMPLIANCE_EXPERIMENTAL) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "%s '%s' is experimental and might produce bad "
                "results.\nAdd '-strict experimental' if you want to use it.\n",
                codec_string, c->codec->name);
        codec = encoder ? avcodec_find_encoder(c->codec->id) : avcodec_find_decoder(c->codec->id);
        if (!(codec->capabilities & CODEC_CAP_EXPERIMENTAL))
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Or use the non experimental %s '%s'.\n",
                   codec_string, codec->name);
        exit_program(1);
    }
}

static void choose_sample_fmt(AVStream *st, AVCodec *codec)
{
    if (codec && codec->sample_fmts) {
        const enum AVSampleFormat *p = codec->sample_fmts;
        for (; *p != -1; p++) {
            if (*p == st->codec->sample_fmt)
                break;
        }
        if (*p == -1) {
            if((codec->capabilities & CODEC_CAP_LOSSLESS) && av_get_sample_fmt_name(st->codec->sample_fmt) > av_get_sample_fmt_name(codec->sample_fmts[0]))
                av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Conversion will not be lossless.\n");
            if(av_get_sample_fmt_name(st->codec->sample_fmt))
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_WARNING,
                   "Incompatible sample format '%s' for codec '%s', auto-selecting format '%s'\n",
                   av_get_sample_fmt_name(st->codec->sample_fmt),
                   codec->name,
                   av_get_sample_fmt_name(codec->sample_fmts[0]));
            st->codec->sample_fmt = codec->sample_fmts[0];
        }
    }
}

static void write_frame(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt, OutputStream *ost)
{
    AVBitStreamFilterContext *bsfc = ost->bitstream_filters;
    AVCodecContext          *avctx = ost->st->codec;
    int ret;

    if ((avctx->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO && video_sync_method == VSYNC_DROP) ||
        (avctx->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO && audio_sync_method < 0))
        pkt->pts = pkt->dts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;

    if (avctx->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO && pkt->dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
        int64_t max = ost->st->cur_dts + !(s->oformat->flags & AVFMT_TS_NONSTRICT);
        if (ost->st->cur_dts && ost->st->cur_dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE &&  max > pkt->dts) {
            av_log(s, max - pkt->dts > 2 ? AV_LOG_WARNING : AV_LOG_DEBUG, "Audio timestamp %"PRId64" < %"PRId64" invalid, cliping\n", pkt->dts, max);
            pkt->pts = pkt->dts = max;
        }
    }

    /*
     * Audio encoders may split the packets --  #frames in != #packets out.
     * But there is no reordering, so we can limit the number of output packets
     * by simply dropping them here.
     * Counting encoded video frames needs to be done separately because of
     * reordering, see do_video_out()
     */
    if (!(avctx->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO && avctx->codec)) {
        if (ost->frame_number >= ost->max_frames) {
            av_free_packet(pkt);
            return;
        }
        ost->frame_number++;
    }

    while (bsfc) {
        AVPacket new_pkt = *pkt;
        int a = av_bitstream_filter_filter(bsfc, avctx, NULL,
                                           &new_pkt.data, &new_pkt.size,
                                           pkt->data, pkt->size,
                                           pkt->flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY);
        if (a > 0) {
            av_free_packet(pkt);
            new_pkt.destruct = av_destruct_packet;
        } else if (a < 0) {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to open bitstream filter %s for stream %d with codec %s",
                   bsfc->filter->name, pkt->stream_index,
                   avctx->codec ? avctx->codec->name : "copy");
            print_error("", a);
            if (exit_on_error)
                exit_program(1);
        }
        *pkt = new_pkt;

        bsfc = bsfc->next;
    }

    pkt->stream_index = ost->index;
    ret = av_interleaved_write_frame(s, pkt);
    if (ret < 0) {
        print_error("av_interleaved_write_frame()", ret);
        exit_program(1);
    }
}

static int check_recording_time(OutputStream *ost)
{
    OutputFile *of = output_files[ost->file_index];

    if (of->recording_time != INT64_MAX &&
        av_compare_ts(ost->sync_opts - ost->first_pts, ost->st->codec->time_base, of->recording_time,
                      AV_TIME_BASE_Q) >= 0) {
        ost->is_past_recording_time = 1;
        return 0;
    }
    return 1;
}

static void do_audio_out(AVFormatContext *s, OutputStream *ost,
                         AVFrame *frame)
{
    AVCodecContext *enc = ost->st->codec;
    AVPacket pkt;
    int got_packet = 0;

    av_init_packet(&pkt);
    pkt.data = NULL;
    pkt.size = 0;
#if 0
    if (!check_recording_time(ost))
        return;
#endif
    if (frame->pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE || audio_sync_method < 0)
        frame->pts = ost->sync_opts;
    ost->sync_opts = frame->pts + frame->nb_samples;

    av_assert0(pkt.size || !pkt.data);
    update_benchmark(NULL);
    if (avcodec_encode_audio2(enc, &pkt, frame, &got_packet) < 0) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Audio encoding failed (avcodec_encode_audio2)\n");
        exit_program(1);
    }
    update_benchmark("encode_audio %d.%d", ost->file_index, ost->index);

    if (got_packet) {
        if (pkt.pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE)
            pkt.pts      = av_rescale_q(pkt.pts,      enc->time_base, ost->st->time_base);
        if (pkt.dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE)
            pkt.dts      = av_rescale_q(pkt.dts,      enc->time_base, ost->st->time_base);
        if (pkt.duration > 0)
            pkt.duration = av_rescale_q(pkt.duration, enc->time_base, ost->st->time_base);

        if (debug_ts) {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_INFO, "encoder -> type:audio "
                   "pkt_pts:%s pkt_pts_time:%s pkt_dts:%s pkt_dts_time:%s\n",
                   av_ts2str(pkt.pts), av_ts2timestr(pkt.pts, &ost->st->time_base),
                   av_ts2str(pkt.dts), av_ts2timestr(pkt.dts, &ost->st->time_base));
        }

        write_frame(s, &pkt, ost);

        audio_size += pkt.size;
        av_free_packet(&pkt);
    }
}

static void pre_process_video_frame(InputStream *ist, AVPicture *picture, void **bufp)
{
    AVCodecContext *dec;
    AVPicture *picture2;
    AVPicture picture_tmp;
    uint8_t *buf = 0;

    dec = ist->st->codec;

    /* deinterlace : must be done before any resize */
    if (do_deinterlace) {
        int size;

        /* create temporary picture */
        size = avpicture_get_size(dec->pix_fmt, dec->width, dec->height);
        buf  = av_malloc(size);
        if (!buf)
            return;

        picture2 = &picture_tmp;
        avpicture_fill(picture2, buf, dec->pix_fmt, dec->width, dec->height);

        if (avpicture_deinterlace(picture2, picture,
                                 dec->pix_fmt, dec->width, dec->height) < 0) {
            /* if error, do not deinterlace */
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Deinterlacing failed\n");
            av_free(buf);
            buf = NULL;
            picture2 = picture;
        }
    } else {
        picture2 = picture;
    }

    if (picture != picture2)
        *picture = *picture2;
    *bufp = buf;
}

static void do_subtitle_out(AVFormatContext *s,
                            OutputStream *ost,
                            InputStream *ist,
                            AVSubtitle *sub,
                            int64_t pts)
{
    static uint8_t *subtitle_out = NULL;
    int subtitle_out_max_size = 1024 * 1024;
    int subtitle_out_size, nb, i;
    AVCodecContext *enc;
    AVPacket pkt;

    if (pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Subtitle packets must have a pts\n");
        if (exit_on_error)
            exit_program(1);
        return;
    }

    enc = ost->st->codec;

    if (!subtitle_out) {
        subtitle_out = av_malloc(subtitle_out_max_size);
    }

    /* Note: DVB subtitle need one packet to draw them and one other
       packet to clear them */
    /* XXX: signal it in the codec context ? */
    if (enc->codec_id == CODEC_ID_DVB_SUBTITLE)
        nb = 2;
    else
        nb = 1;

    for (i = 0; i < nb; i++) {
        ost->sync_opts = av_rescale_q(pts, ist->st->time_base, enc->time_base);

        sub->pts = av_rescale_q(pts, ist->st->time_base, AV_TIME_BASE_Q);
        // start_display_time is required to be 0
        sub->pts               += av_rescale_q(sub->start_display_time, (AVRational){ 1, 1000 }, AV_TIME_BASE_Q);
        sub->end_display_time  -= sub->start_display_time;
        sub->start_display_time = 0;
        subtitle_out_size = avcodec_encode_subtitle(enc, subtitle_out,
                                                    subtitle_out_max_size, sub);
        if (subtitle_out_size < 0) {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Subtitle encoding failed\n");
            exit_program(1);
        }

        av_init_packet(&pkt);
        pkt.data = subtitle_out;
        pkt.size = subtitle_out_size;
        pkt.pts  = av_rescale_q(sub->pts, AV_TIME_BASE_Q, ost->st->time_base);
        if (enc->codec_id == CODEC_ID_DVB_SUBTITLE) {
            /* XXX: the pts correction is handled here. Maybe handling
               it in the codec would be better */
            if (i == 0)
                pkt.pts += 90 * sub->start_display_time;
            else
                pkt.pts += 90 * sub->end_display_time;
        }
        write_frame(s, &pkt, ost);
    }
}

static void do_video_out(AVFormatContext *s,
                         OutputStream *ost,
                         AVFrame *in_picture,
                         float quality)
{
    int ret, format_video_sync;
    AVPacket pkt;
    AVCodecContext *enc = ost->st->codec;
    int nb_frames, i;
    double sync_ipts, delta;
    double duration = 0;
    int frame_size = 0;
    InputStream *ist = NULL;

    if (ost->source_index >= 0)
        ist = input_streams[ost->source_index];

    if(ist && ist->st->start_time != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && ist->st->first_dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && ost->frame_rate.num)
        duration = 1/(av_q2d(ost->frame_rate) * av_q2d(enc->time_base));

    sync_ipts = in_picture->pts;
    delta = sync_ipts - ost->sync_opts + duration;

    /* by default, we output a single frame */
    nb_frames = 1;

    format_video_sync = video_sync_method;
    if (format_video_sync == VSYNC_AUTO)
        format_video_sync = (s->oformat->flags & AVFMT_VARIABLE_FPS) ? ((s->oformat->flags & AVFMT_NOTIMESTAMPS) ? VSYNC_PASSTHROUGH : VSYNC_VFR) : 1;

    switch (format_video_sync) {
    case VSYNC_CFR:
        // FIXME set to 0.5 after we fix some dts/pts bugs like in avidec.c
        if (delta < -1.1)
            nb_frames = 0;
        else if (delta > 1.1)
            nb_frames = lrintf(delta);
        break;
    case VSYNC_VFR:
        if (delta <= -0.6)
            nb_frames = 0;
        else if (delta > 0.6)
            ost->sync_opts = lrint(sync_ipts);
        break;
    case VSYNC_DROP:
    case VSYNC_PASSTHROUGH:
        ost->sync_opts = lrint(sync_ipts);
        break;
    default:
        av_assert0(0);
    }

    nb_frames = FFMIN(nb_frames, ost->max_frames - ost->frame_number);
    if (nb_frames == 0) {
        nb_frames_drop++;
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "*** drop!\n");
        return;
    } else if (nb_frames > 1) {
        nb_frames_dup += nb_frames - 1;
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "*** %d dup!\n", nb_frames - 1);
    }


duplicate_frame:
    av_init_packet(&pkt);
    pkt.data = NULL;
    pkt.size = 0;

    in_picture->pts = ost->sync_opts;

    if (s->oformat->flags & AVFMT_RAWPICTURE &&
        enc->codec->id == CODEC_ID_RAWVIDEO) {
        /* raw pictures are written as AVPicture structure to
           avoid any copies. We support temporarily the older
           method. */
        enc->coded_frame->interlaced_frame = in_picture->interlaced_frame;
        enc->coded_frame->top_field_first  = in_picture->top_field_first;
        pkt.data   = (uint8_t *)in_picture;
        pkt.size   =  sizeof(AVPicture);
        pkt.pts    = av_rescale_q(in_picture->pts, enc->time_base, ost->st->time_base);
        pkt.flags |= AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY;

        write_frame(s, &pkt, ost);
    } else {
        int got_packet;
        AVFrame big_picture;

        big_picture = *in_picture;
        /* better than nothing: use input picture interlaced
           settings */
        big_picture.interlaced_frame = in_picture->interlaced_frame;
        if (ost->st->codec->flags & (CODEC_FLAG_INTERLACED_DCT|CODEC_FLAG_INTERLACED_ME)) {
            if (ost->top_field_first == -1)
                big_picture.top_field_first = in_picture->top_field_first;
            else
                big_picture.top_field_first = !!ost->top_field_first;
        }

        /* handles same_quant here. This is not correct because it may
           not be a global option */
        big_picture.quality = quality;
        if (!enc->me_threshold)
            big_picture.pict_type = 0;
        if (ost->forced_kf_index < ost->forced_kf_count &&
            big_picture.pts >= ost->forced_kf_pts[ost->forced_kf_index]) {
            big_picture.pict_type = AV_PICTURE_TYPE_I;
            ost->forced_kf_index++;
        }
        update_benchmark(NULL);
        ret = avcodec_encode_video2(enc, &pkt, &big_picture, &got_packet);
        update_benchmark("encode_video %d.%d", ost->file_index, ost->index);
        if (ret < 0) {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Video encoding failed\n");
            exit_program(1);
        }

        if (got_packet) {
            if (pkt.pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE && !(enc->codec->capabilities & CODEC_CAP_DELAY))
                pkt.pts = ost->sync_opts;

            if (pkt.pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE)
                pkt.pts = av_rescale_q(pkt.pts, enc->time_base, ost->st->time_base);
            if (pkt.dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE)
                pkt.dts = av_rescale_q(pkt.dts, enc->time_base, ost->st->time_base);

            if (debug_ts) {
                av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_INFO, "encoder -> type:video "
                    "pkt_pts:%s pkt_pts_time:%s pkt_dts:%s pkt_dts_time:%s\n",
                    av_ts2str(pkt.pts), av_ts2timestr(pkt.pts, &ost->st->time_base),
                    av_ts2str(pkt.dts), av_ts2timestr(pkt.dts, &ost->st->time_base));
            }

            write_frame(s, &pkt, ost);
            frame_size = pkt.size;
            video_size += pkt.size;
            av_free_packet(&pkt);

            /* if two pass, output log */
            if (ost->logfile && enc->stats_out) {
                fprintf(ost->logfile, "%s", enc->stats_out);
            }
        }
    }
    ost->sync_opts++;
    /*
     * For video, number of frames in == number of packets out.
     * But there may be reordering, so we can't throw away frames on encoder
     * flush, we need to limit them here, before they go into encoder.
     */
    ost->frame_number++;

    if(--nb_frames)
        goto duplicate_frame;

    if (vstats_filename && frame_size)
        do_video_stats(output_files[ost->file_index]->ctx, ost, frame_size);
}

static double psnr(double d)
{
    return -10.0 * log(d) / log(10.0);
}

static void do_video_stats(AVFormatContext *os, OutputStream *ost,
                           int frame_size)
{
    AVCodecContext *enc;
    int frame_number;
    double ti1, bitrate, avg_bitrate;

    /* this is executed just the first time do_video_stats is called */
    if (!vstats_file) {
        vstats_file = fopen(vstats_filename, "w");
        if (!vstats_file) {
            perror("fopen");
            exit_program(1);
        }
    }

    enc = ost->st->codec;
    if (enc->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
        frame_number = ost->frame_number;
        fprintf(vstats_file, "frame= %5d q= %2.1f ", frame_number, enc->coded_frame->quality / (float)FF_QP2LAMBDA);
        if (enc->flags&CODEC_FLAG_PSNR)
            fprintf(vstats_file, "PSNR= %6.2f ", psnr(enc->coded_frame->error[0] / (enc->width * enc->height * 255.0 * 255.0)));

        fprintf(vstats_file,"f_size= %6d ", frame_size);