libvpxenc.c

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2010, Google, Inc.
 *
 * This file is part of FFmpeg.
 *
 * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 */

/**
 * @file
 * VP8/9 encoder support via libvpx
 */

#define VPX_DISABLE_CTRL_TYPECHECKS 1
#define VPX_CODEC_DISABLE_COMPAT    1
#include <vpx/vpx_encoder.h>
#include <vpx/vp8cx.h>

#include "avcodec.h"
#include "internal.h"
#include "libavutil/avassert.h"
#include "libvpx.h"
#include "profiles.h"
#include "libavutil/base64.h"
#include "libavutil/common.h"
#include "libavutil/internal.h"
#include "libavutil/intreadwrite.h"
#include "libavutil/mathematics.h"
#include "libavutil/opt.h"

/**
 * Portion of struct vpx_codec_cx_pkt from vpx_encoder.h.
 * One encoded frame returned from the library.
 */
struct FrameListData {
    void *buf;                       /**< compressed data buffer */
    size_t sz;                       /**< length of compressed data */
    void *buf_alpha;
    size_t sz_alpha;
    int64_t pts;                     /**< time stamp to show frame
                                          (in timebase units) */
    unsigned long duration;          /**< duration to show frame
                                          (in timebase units) */
    uint32_t flags;                  /**< flags for this frame */
    uint64_t sse[4];
    int have_sse;                    /**< true if we have pending sse[] */
    uint64_t frame_number;
    struct FrameListData *next;
};

typedef struct VPxEncoderContext {
    AVClass *class;
    struct vpx_codec_ctx encoder;
    struct vpx_image rawimg;
    struct vpx_codec_ctx encoder_alpha;
    struct vpx_image rawimg_alpha;
    uint8_t is_alpha;
    struct vpx_fixed_buf twopass_stats;
    int deadline; //i.e., RT/GOOD/BEST
    uint64_t sse[4];
    int have_sse; /**< true if we have pending sse[] */
    uint64_t frame_number;
    struct FrameListData *coded_frame_list;

    int cpu_used;
    /**
     * VP8 specific flags, see VP8F_* below.
     */
    int flags;
#define VP8F_ERROR_RESILIENT 0x00000001 ///< Enable measures appropriate for streaming over lossy links
#define VP8F_AUTO_ALT_REF    0x00000002 ///< Enable automatic alternate reference frame generation

    int auto_alt_ref;

    int arnr_max_frames;
    int arnr_strength;
    int arnr_type;

    int tune;

    int lag_in_frames;
    int error_resilient;
    int crf;
    int static_thresh;
    int max_intra_rate;
    int rc_undershoot_pct;
    int rc_overshoot_pct;

    // VP9-only
    int lossless;
    int tile_columns;
    int tile_rows;
    int frame_parallel;
    int aq_mode;
    int drop_threshold;
    int noise_sensitivity;
    int vpx_cs;
    float level;
} VPxContext;

/** String mappings for enum vp8e_enc_control_id */
static const char *const ctlidstr[] = {
    [VP8E_SET_CPUUSED]           = "VP8E_SET_CPUUSED",
    [VP8E_SET_ENABLEAUTOALTREF]  = "VP8E_SET_ENABLEAUTOALTREF",
    [VP8E_SET_NOISE_SENSITIVITY] = "VP8E_SET_NOISE_SENSITIVITY",
    [VP8E_SET_STATIC_THRESHOLD]  = "VP8E_SET_STATIC_THRESHOLD",
    [VP8E_SET_TOKEN_PARTITIONS]  = "VP8E_SET_TOKEN_PARTITIONS",
    [VP8E_SET_ARNR_MAXFRAMES]    = "VP8E_SET_ARNR_MAXFRAMES",
    [VP8E_SET_ARNR_STRENGTH]     = "VP8E_SET_ARNR_STRENGTH",
    [VP8E_SET_ARNR_TYPE]         = "VP8E_SET_ARNR_TYPE",
    [VP8E_SET_TUNING]            = "VP8E_SET_TUNING",
    [VP8E_SET_CQ_LEVEL]          = "VP8E_SET_CQ_LEVEL",
    [VP8E_SET_MAX_INTRA_BITRATE_PCT] = "VP8E_SET_MAX_INTRA_BITRATE_PCT",
#if CONFIG_LIBVPX_VP9_ENCODER
    [VP9E_SET_LOSSLESS]                = "VP9E_SET_LOSSLESS",
    [VP9E_SET_TILE_COLUMNS]            = "VP9E_SET_TILE_COLUMNS",
    [VP9E_SET_TILE_ROWS]               = "VP9E_SET_TILE_ROWS",
    [VP9E_SET_FRAME_PARALLEL_DECODING] = "VP9E_SET_FRAME_PARALLEL_DECODING",
    [VP9E_SET_AQ_MODE]                 = "VP9E_SET_AQ_MODE",
#if VPX_ENCODER_ABI_VERSION > 8
    [VP9E_SET_COLOR_SPACE]             = "VP9E_SET_COLOR_SPACE",
#endif
#if VPX_ENCODER_ABI_VERSION >= 11
    [VP9E_SET_COLOR_RANGE]             = "VP9E_SET_COLOR_RANGE",
#endif
#if VPX_ENCODER_ABI_VERSION >= 12
    [VP9E_SET_TARGET_LEVEL]            = "VP9E_SET_TARGET_LEVEL",
#endif
#endif
};

static av_cold void log_encoder_error(AVCodecContext *avctx, const char *desc)
{
    VPxContext *ctx = avctx->priv_data;
    const char *error  = vpx_codec_error(&ctx->encoder);
    const char *detail = vpx_codec_error_detail(&ctx->encoder);

    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "%s: %s\n", desc, error);
    if (detail)
        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "  Additional information: %s\n", detail);
}

static av_cold void dump_enc_cfg(AVCodecContext *avctx,
                                 const struct vpx_codec_enc_cfg *cfg)
{
    int width = -30;
    int level = AV_LOG_DEBUG;

    av_log(avctx, level, "vpx_codec_enc_cfg\n");
    av_log(avctx, level, "generic settings\n"
           "  %*s%u\n  %*s%u\n  %*s%u\n  %*s%u\n  %*s%u\n"
#if CONFIG_LIBVPX_VP9_ENCODER && defined(VPX_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH)
           "  %*s%u\n  %*s%u\n"
#endif
           "  %*s{%u/%u}\n  %*s%u\n  %*s%d\n  %*s%u\n",
           width, "g_usage:",           cfg->g_usage,
           width, "g_threads:",         cfg->g_threads,
           width, "g_profile:",         cfg->g_profile,
           width, "g_w:",               cfg->g_w,
           width, "g_h:",               cfg->g_h,
#if CONFIG_LIBVPX_VP9_ENCODER && defined(VPX_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH)
           width, "g_bit_depth:",       cfg->g_bit_depth,
           width, "g_input_bit_depth:", cfg->g_input_bit_depth,
#endif
           width, "g_timebase:",        cfg->g_timebase.num, cfg->g_timebase.den,
           width, "g_error_resilient:", cfg->g_error_resilient,
           width, "g_pass:",            cfg->g_pass,
           width, "g_lag_in_frames:",   cfg->g_lag_in_frames);
    av_log(avctx, level, "rate control settings\n"
           "  %*s%u\n  %*s%u\n  %*s%u\n  %*s%u\n"
           "  %*s%d\n  %*s%p(%"SIZE_SPECIFIER")\n  %*s%u\n",
           width, "rc_dropframe_thresh:",   cfg->rc_dropframe_thresh,
           width, "rc_resize_allowed:",     cfg->rc_resize_allowed,
           width, "rc_resize_up_thresh:",   cfg->rc_resize_up_thresh,
           width, "rc_resize_down_thresh:", cfg->rc_resize_down_thresh,
           width, "rc_end_usage:",          cfg->rc_end_usage,
           width, "rc_twopass_stats_in:",   cfg->rc_twopass_stats_in.buf, cfg->rc_twopass_stats_in.sz,
           width, "rc_target_bitrate:",     cfg->rc_target_bitrate);
    av_log(avctx, level, "quantizer settings\n"
           "  %*s%u\n  %*s%u\n",
           width, "rc_min_quantizer:", cfg->rc_min_quantizer,
           width, "rc_max_quantizer:", cfg->rc_max_quantizer);
    av_log(avctx, level, "bitrate tolerance\n"
           "  %*s%u\n  %*s%u\n",
           width, "rc_undershoot_pct:", cfg->rc_undershoot_pct,
           width, "rc_overshoot_pct:",  cfg->rc_overshoot_pct);
    av_log(avctx, level, "decoder buffer model\n"
            "  %*s%u\n  %*s%u\n  %*s%u\n",
            width, "rc_buf_sz:",         cfg->rc_buf_sz,
            width, "rc_buf_initial_sz:", cfg->rc_buf_initial_sz,
            width, "rc_buf_optimal_sz:", cfg->rc_buf_optimal_sz);
    av_log(avctx, level, "2 pass rate control settings\n"
           "  %*s%u\n  %*s%u\n  %*s%u\n",
           width, "rc_2pass_vbr_bias_pct:",       cfg->rc_2pass_vbr_bias_pct,
           width, "rc_2pass_vbr_minsection_pct:", cfg->rc_2pass_vbr_minsection_pct,
           width, "rc_2pass_vbr_maxsection_pct:", cfg->rc_2pass_vbr_maxsection_pct);
    av_log(avctx, level, "keyframing settings\n"
           "  %*s%d\n  %*s%u\n  %*s%u\n",
           width, "kf_mode:",     cfg->kf_mode,
           width, "kf_min_dist:", cfg->kf_min_dist,
           width, "kf_max_dist:", cfg->kf_max_dist);
    av_log(avctx, level, "\n");
}

static void coded_frame_add(void *list, struct FrameListData *cx_frame)
{
    struct FrameListData **p = list;

    while (*p)
        p = &(*p)->next;
    *p = cx_frame;
    cx_frame->next = NULL;
}

static av_cold void free_coded_frame(struct FrameListData *cx_frame)
{
    av_freep(&cx_frame->buf);
    if (cx_frame->buf_alpha)
        av_freep(&cx_frame->buf_alpha);
    av_freep(&cx_frame);
}

static av_cold void free_frame_list(struct FrameListData *list)
{
    struct FrameListData *p = list;

    while (p) {
        list = list->next;
        free_coded_frame(p);
        p = list;
    }
}

static av_cold int codecctl_int(AVCodecContext *avctx,
                                enum vp8e_enc_control_id id, int val)
{
    VPxContext *ctx = avctx->priv_data;
    char buf[80];
    int width = -30;
    int res;

    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s:", ctlidstr[id]);
    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "  %*s%d\n", width, buf, val);

    res = vpx_codec_control(&ctx->encoder, id, val);
    if (res != VPX_CODEC_OK) {
        snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Failed to set %s codec control",
                 ctlidstr[id]);
        log_encoder_error(avctx, buf);
    }

    return res == VPX_CODEC_OK ? 0 : AVERROR(EINVAL);
}

static av_cold int vpx_free(AVCodecContext *avctx)
{
    VPxContext *ctx = avctx->priv_data;

    vpx_codec_destroy(&ctx->encoder);
    if (ctx->is_alpha)
        vpx_codec_destroy(&ctx->encoder_alpha);
    av_freep(&ctx->twopass_stats.buf);
    av_freep(&avctx->stats_out);
    free_frame_list(ctx->coded_frame_list);
    return 0;
}

#if CONFIG_LIBVPX_VP9_ENCODER
static int set_pix_fmt(AVCodecContext *avctx, vpx_codec_caps_t codec_caps,
                       struct vpx_codec_enc_cfg *enccfg, vpx_codec_flags_t *flags,
                       vpx_img_fmt_t *img_fmt)
{
    VPxContext av_unused *ctx = avctx->priv_data;
#ifdef VPX_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH
    enccfg->g_bit_depth = enccfg->g_input_bit_depth = 8;
#endif
    switch (avctx->pix_fmt) {
    case AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P:
    case AV_PIX_FMT_YUVA420P:
        enccfg->g_profile = 0;
        *img_fmt = VPX_IMG_FMT_I420;
        return 0;
    case AV_PIX_FMT_YUV422P:
        enccfg->g_profile = 1;
        *img_fmt = VPX_IMG_FMT_I422;
        return 0;
#if VPX_IMAGE_ABI_VERSION >= 3
    case AV_PIX_FMT_YUV440P:
        enccfg->g_profile = 1;
        *img_fmt = VPX_IMG_FMT_I440;
        return 0;
    case AV_PIX_FMT_GBRP:
        ctx->vpx_cs = VPX_CS_SRGB;
#endif
    case AV_PIX_FMT_YUV444P:
        enccfg->g_profile = 1;
        *img_fmt = VPX_IMG_FMT_I444;
        return 0;
#ifdef VPX_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH
    case AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P10:
    case AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P12:
        if (codec_caps & VPX_CODEC_CAP_HIGHBITDEPTH) {
            enccfg->g_bit_depth = enccfg->g_input_bit_depth =
                avctx->pix_fmt == AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P10 ? 10 : 12;
            enccfg->g_profile = 2;
            *img_fmt = VPX_IMG_FMT_I42016;
            *flags |= VPX_CODEC_USE_HIGHBITDEPTH;
            return 0;
        }
        break;
    case AV_PIX_FMT_YUV422P10:
    case AV_PIX_FMT_YUV422P12:
        if (codec_caps & VPX_CODEC_CAP_HIGHBITDEPTH) {
            enccfg->g_bit_depth = enccfg->g_input_bit_depth =
                avctx->pix_fmt == AV_PIX_FMT_YUV422P10 ? 10 : 12;
            enccfg->g_profile = 3;
            *img_fmt = VPX_IMG_FMT_I42216;
            *flags |= VPX_CODEC_USE_HIGHBITDEPTH;
            return 0;
        }
        break;
#if VPX_IMAGE_ABI_VERSION >= 3
    case AV_PIX_FMT_YUV440P10:
    case AV_PIX_FMT_YUV440P12:
        if (codec_caps & VPX_CODEC_CAP_HIGHBITDEPTH) {
            enccfg->g_bit_depth = enccfg->g_input_bit_depth =
                avctx->pix_fmt == AV_PIX_FMT_YUV440P10 ? 10 : 12;
            enccfg->g_profile = 3;
            *img_fmt = VPX_IMG_FMT_I44016;
            *flags |= VPX_CODEC_USE_HIGHBITDEPTH;
            return 0;
        }
        break;
    case AV_PIX_FMT_GBRP10:
    case AV_PIX_FMT_GBRP12:
        ctx->vpx_cs = VPX_CS_SRGB;
#endif
    case AV_PIX_FMT_YUV444P10:
    case AV_PIX_FMT_YUV444P12:
        if (codec_caps & VPX_CODEC_CAP_HIGHBITDEPTH) {
            enccfg->g_bit_depth = enccfg->g_input_bit_depth =
                avctx->pix_fmt == AV_PIX_FMT_YUV444P10 ||
                avctx->pix_fmt == AV_PIX_FMT_GBRP10 ? 10 : 12;
            enccfg->g_profile = 3;
            *img_fmt = VPX_IMG_FMT_I44416;
            *flags |= VPX_CODEC_USE_HIGHBITDEPTH;
            return 0;
        }
        break;
#endif
    default:
        break;
    }
    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Unsupported pixel format.\n");
    return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
}

#if VPX_ENCODER_ABI_VERSION > 8
static void set_colorspace(AVCodecContext *avctx)
{
    enum vpx_color_space vpx_cs;
    VPxContext *ctx = avctx->priv_data;

    if (ctx->vpx_cs) {
        vpx_cs = ctx->vpx_cs;
    } else {
        switch (avctx->colorspace) {
        case AVCOL_SPC_RGB:         vpx_cs = VPX_CS_SRGB;      break;
        case AVCOL_SPC_BT709:       vpx_cs = VPX_CS_BT_709;    break;
        case AVCOL_SPC_UNSPECIFIED: vpx_cs = VPX_CS_UNKNOWN;   break;
        case AVCOL_SPC_RESERVED:    vpx_cs = VPX_CS_RESERVED;  break;
        case AVCOL_SPC_BT470BG:     vpx_cs = VPX_CS_BT_601;    break;
        case AVCOL_SPC_SMPTE170M:   vpx_cs = VPX_CS_SMPTE_170; break;
        case AVCOL_SPC_SMPTE240M:   vpx_cs = VPX_CS_SMPTE_240; break;
        case AVCOL_SPC_BT2020_NCL:  vpx_cs = VPX_CS_BT_2020;   break;
        default:
            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Unsupported colorspace (%d)\n",
                   avctx->colorspace);
            return;
        }
    }
    codecctl_int(avctx, VP9E_SET_COLOR_SPACE, vpx_cs);
}
#endif

#if VPX_ENCODER_ABI_VERSION >= 11
static void set_color_range(AVCodecContext *avctx)
{
    enum vpx_color_range vpx_cr;
    switch (avctx->color_range) {
    case AVCOL_RANGE_UNSPECIFIED:
    case AVCOL_RANGE_MPEG:       vpx_cr = VPX_CR_STUDIO_RANGE; break;
    case AVCOL_RANGE_JPEG:       vpx_cr = VPX_CR_FULL_RANGE;   break;
    default:
        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Unsupported color range (%d)\n",
               avctx->color_range);
        return;
    }

    codecctl_int(avctx, VP9E_SET_COLOR_RANGE, vpx_cr);
}
#endif
#endif

static av_cold int vpx_init(AVCodecContext *avctx,
                            const struct vpx_codec_iface *iface)
{
    VPxContext *ctx = avctx->priv_data;
    struct vpx_codec_enc_cfg enccfg = { 0 };
    struct vpx_codec_enc_cfg enccfg_alpha;
    vpx_codec_flags_t flags = (avctx->flags & AV_CODEC_FLAG_PSNR) ? VPX_CODEC_USE_PSNR : 0;
    AVCPBProperties *cpb_props;
    int res;
    vpx_img_fmt_t img_fmt = VPX_IMG_FMT_I420;
#if CONFIG_LIBVPX_VP9_ENCODER
    vpx_codec_caps_t codec_caps = vpx_codec_get_caps(iface);
#endif

    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_INFO, "%s\n", vpx_codec_version_str());
    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "%s\n", vpx_codec_build_config());

    if (avctx->pix_fmt == AV_PIX_FMT_YUVA420P)
        ctx->is_alpha = 1;

    if ((res = vpx_codec_enc_config_default(iface, &enccfg, 0)) != VPX_CODEC_OK) {
        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to get config: %s\n",
               vpx_codec_err_to_string(res));
        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
    }

#if CONFIG_LIBVPX_VP9_ENCODER
    if (avctx->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VP9) {
        if (set_pix_fmt(avctx, codec_caps, &enccfg, &flags, &img_fmt))
            return AVERROR(EINVAL);
    }
#endif

    if(!avctx->bit_rate)
        if(avctx->rc_max_rate || avctx->rc_buffer_size || avctx->rc_initial_buffer_occupancy) {
            av_log( avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Rate control parameters set without a bitrate\n");
            return AVERROR(EINVAL);
        }

    dump_enc_cfg(avctx, &enccfg);

    enccfg.g_w            = avctx->width;
    enccfg.g_h            = avctx->height;
    enccfg.g_timebase.num = avctx->time_base.num;
    enccfg.g_timebase.den = avctx->time_base.den;
    enccfg.g_threads      = avctx->thread_count;
    enccfg.g_lag_in_frames= ctx->lag_in_frames;

    if (avctx->flags & AV_CODEC_FLAG_PASS1)
        enccfg.g_pass = VPX_RC_FIRST_PASS;
    else if (avctx->flags & AV_CODEC_FLAG_PASS2)
        enccfg.g_pass = VPX_RC_LAST_PASS;
    else
        enccfg.g_pass = VPX_RC_ONE_PASS;

    if (avctx->rc_min_rate == avctx->rc_max_rate &&
        avctx->rc_min_rate == avctx->bit_rate && avctx->bit_rate) {
        enccfg.rc_end_usage = VPX_CBR;
    } else if (ctx->crf >= 0) {
        enccfg.rc_end_usage = VPX_CQ;
#if CONFIG_LIBVPX_VP9_ENCODER
        if (!avctx->bit_rate && avctx->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VP9)
            enccfg.rc_end_usage = VPX_Q;
#endif
    }

    if (avctx->bit_rate) {
        enccfg.rc_target_bitrate = av_rescale_rnd(avctx->bit_rate, 1, 1000,
                                                  AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF);
#if CONFIG_LIBVPX_VP9_ENCODER
    } else if (enccfg.rc_end_usage == VPX_Q) {
#endif
    } else {
        if (enccfg.rc_end_usage == VPX_CQ) {
            enccfg.rc_target_bitrate = 1000000;
        } else {
            avctx->bit_rate = enccfg.rc_target_bitrate * 1000;
            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING,
                   "Neither bitrate nor constrained quality specified, using default bitrate of %dkbit/sec\n",
                   enccfg.rc_target_bitrate);
        }
    }

    if (avctx->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VP9 && ctx->lossless == 1) {
        enccfg.rc_min_quantizer =
        enccfg.rc_max_quantizer = 0;
    } else {
        if (avctx->qmin >= 0)
            enccfg.rc_min_quantizer = avctx->qmin;
        if (avctx->qmax >= 0)
            enccfg.rc_max_quantizer = avctx->qmax;
    }

    if (enccfg.rc_end_usage == VPX_CQ
#if CONFIG_LIBVPX_VP9_ENCODER
        || enccfg.rc_end_usage == VPX_Q
#endif
       ) {
        if (ctx->crf < enccfg.rc_min_quantizer || ctx->crf > enccfg.rc_max_quantizer) {
            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR,
                   "CQ level %d must be between minimum and maximum quantizer value (%d-%d)\n",
                   ctx->crf, enccfg.rc_min_quantizer, enccfg.rc_max_quantizer);
            return AVERROR(EINVAL);
        }
    }

#if FF_API_PRIVATE_OPT
FF_DISABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
    if (avctx->frame_skip_threshold)
        ctx->drop_threshold = avctx->frame_skip_threshold;
FF_ENABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
#endif
    enccfg.rc_dropframe_thresh = ctx->drop_threshold;

    //0-100 (0 => CBR, 100 => VBR)
    enccfg.rc_2pass_vbr_bias_pct           = lrint(avctx->qcompress * 100);
    if (avctx->bit_rate)
        enccfg.rc_2pass_vbr_minsection_pct =
            avctx->rc_min_rate * 100LL / avctx->bit_rate;
    if (avctx->rc_max_rate)
        enccfg.rc_2pass_vbr_maxsection_pct =
            avctx->rc_max_rate * 100LL / avctx->bit_rate;

    if (avctx->rc_buffer_size)
        enccfg.rc_buf_sz         =
            avctx->rc_buffer_size * 1000LL / avctx->bit_rate;
    if (avctx->rc_initial_buffer_occupancy)
        enccfg.rc_buf_initial_sz =
            avctx->rc_initial_buffer_occupancy * 1000LL / avctx->bit_rate;
    enccfg.rc_buf_optimal_sz     = enccfg.rc_buf_sz * 5 / 6;
#if FF_API_MPV_OPT
    FF_DISABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
    if (avctx->rc_buffer_aggressivity != 1.0) {
        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "The rc_buffer_aggressivity option is "
               "deprecated, use the undershoot-pct private option instead.\n");
        enccfg.rc_undershoot_pct = lrint(avctx->rc_buffer_aggressivity * 100);
    }
    FF_ENABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
#endif
    if (ctx->rc_undershoot_pct >= 0)
        enccfg.rc_undershoot_pct = ctx->rc_undershoot_pct;
    if (ctx->rc_overshoot_pct >= 0)
        enccfg.rc_overshoot_pct = ctx->rc_overshoot_pct;

    //_enc_init() will balk if kf_min_dist differs from max w/VPX_KF_AUTO
    if (avctx->keyint_min >= 0 && avctx->keyint_min == avctx->gop_size)
        enccfg.kf_min_dist = avctx->keyint_min;
    if (avctx->gop_size >= 0)
        enccfg.kf_max_dist = avctx->gop_size;

    if (enccfg.g_pass == VPX_RC_FIRST_PASS)
        enccfg.g_lag_in_frames = 0;
    else if (enccfg.g_pass == VPX_RC_LAST_PASS) {
        int decode_size, ret;

        if (!avctx->stats_in) {
            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "No stats file for second pass\n");
            return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
        }

        ctx->twopass_stats.sz  = strlen(avctx->stats_in) * 3 / 4;
        ret = av_reallocp(&ctx->twopass_stats.buf, ctx->twopass_stats.sz);
        if (ret < 0) {
            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR,
                   "Stat buffer alloc (%"SIZE_SPECIFIER" bytes) failed\n",
                   ctx->twopass_stats.sz);
            ctx->twopass_stats.sz = 0;
            return ret;
        }
        decode_size = av_base64_decode(ctx->twopass_stats.buf, avctx->stats_in,
                                       ctx->twopass_stats.sz);
        if (decode_size < 0) {
            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Stat buffer decode failed\n");
            return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
        }

        ctx->twopass_stats.sz      = decode_size;
        enccfg.rc_twopass_stats_in = ctx->twopass_stats;
    }

    /* 0-3: For non-zero values the encoder increasingly optimizes for reduced
       complexity playback on low powered devices at the expense of encode
       quality. */
    if (avctx->profile != FF_PROFILE_UNKNOWN)
        enccfg.g_profile = avctx->profile;

    enccfg.g_error_resilient = ctx->error_resilient || ctx->flags & VP8F_ERROR_RESILIENT;

    dump_enc_cfg(avctx, &enccfg);
    /* Construct Encoder Context */
    res = vpx_codec_enc_init(&ctx->encoder, iface, &enccfg, flags);
    if (res != VPX_CODEC_OK) {
        log_encoder_error(avctx, "Failed to initialize encoder");
        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
    }

    if (ctx->is_alpha) {
        enccfg_alpha = enccfg;
        res = vpx_codec_enc_init(&ctx->encoder_alpha, iface, &enccfg_alpha, flags);
        if (res != VPX_CODEC_OK) {
            log_encoder_error(avctx, "Failed to initialize alpha encoder");
            return AVERROR(EINVAL);
        }
    }

    //codec control failures are currently treated only as warnings
    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "vpx_codec_control\n");
    codecctl_int(avctx, VP8E_SET_CPUUSED,          ctx->cpu_used);
    if (ctx->flags & VP8F_AUTO_ALT_REF)
        ctx->auto_alt_ref = 1;
    if (ctx->auto_alt_ref >= 0)
        codecctl_int(avctx, VP8E_SET_ENABLEAUTOALTREF,
                     avctx->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VP8 ? !!ctx->auto_alt_ref : ctx->auto_alt_ref);
    if (ctx->arnr_max_frames >= 0)
        codecctl_int(avctx, VP8E_SET_ARNR_MAXFRAMES,   ctx->arnr_max_frames);
    if (ctx->arnr_strength >= 0)
        codecctl_int(avctx, VP8E_SET_ARNR_STRENGTH,    ctx->arnr_strength);
    if (ctx->arnr_type >= 0)
        codecctl_int(avctx, VP8E_SET_ARNR_TYPE,        ctx->arnr_type);
    if (ctx->tune >= 0)
        codecctl_int(avctx, VP8E_SET_TUNING,           ctx->tune);

    if (ctx->auto_alt_ref && ctx->is_alpha && avctx->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VP8) {
        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Transparency encoding with auto_alt_ref does not work\n");
        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
    }

    if (CONFIG_LIBVPX_VP8_ENCODER && avctx->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VP8) {
#if FF_API_PRIVATE_OPT
FF_DISABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
        if (avctx->noise_reduction)
            ctx->noise_sensitivity = avctx->noise_reduction;
FF_ENABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
#endif
        codecctl_int(avctx, VP8E_SET_NOISE_SENSITIVITY, ctx->noise_sensitivity);
        codecctl_int(avctx, VP8E_SET_TOKEN_PARTITIONS,  av_log2(avctx->slices));
    }
#if FF_API_MPV_OPT
    FF_DISABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
    if (avctx->mb_threshold) {
        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "The mb_threshold option is deprecated, "
               "use the static-thresh private option instead.\n");
        ctx->static_thresh = avctx->mb_threshold;
    }
    FF_ENABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
#endif
    codecctl_int(avctx, VP8E_SET_STATIC_THRESHOLD,  ctx->static_thresh);
    if (ctx->crf >= 0)
        codecctl_int(avctx, VP8E_SET_CQ_LEVEL,          ctx->crf);
    if (ctx->max_intra_rate >= 0)
        codecctl_int(avctx, VP8E_SET_MAX_INTRA_BITRATE_PCT, ctx->max_intra_rate);

#if CONFIG_LIBVPX_VP9_ENCODER
    if (avctx->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VP9) {
        if (ctx->lossless >= 0)
            codecctl_int(avctx, VP9E_SET_LOSSLESS, ctx->lossless);
        if (ctx->tile_columns >= 0)
            codecctl_int(avctx, VP9E_SET_TILE_COLUMNS, ctx->tile_columns);
        if (ctx->tile_rows >= 0)
            codecctl_int(avctx, VP9E_SET_TILE_ROWS, ctx->tile_rows);
        if (ctx->frame_parallel >= 0)
            codecctl_int(avctx, VP9E_SET_FRAME_PARALLEL_DECODING, ctx->frame_parallel);
        if (ctx->aq_mode >= 0)
            codecctl_int(avctx, VP9E_SET_AQ_MODE, ctx->aq_mode);
#if VPX_ENCODER_ABI_VERSION > 8
        set_colorspace(avctx);
#endif
#if VPX_ENCODER_ABI_VERSION >= 11
        set_color_range(avctx);
#endif
#if VPX_ENCODER_ABI_VERSION >= 12
        codecctl_int(avctx, VP9E_SET_TARGET_LEVEL, ctx->level < 0 ? 255 : lrint(ctx->level * 10));
#endif
    }
#endif

    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "Using deadline: %d\n", ctx->deadline);

    //provide dummy value to initialize wrapper, values will be updated each _encode()
    vpx_img_wrap(&ctx->rawimg, img_fmt, avctx->width, avctx->height, 1,
                 (unsigned char*)1);
#if CONFIG_LIBVPX_VP9_ENCODER && defined(VPX_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH)
    if (avctx->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VP9 && (codec_caps & VPX_CODEC_CAP_HIGHBITDEPTH))
        ctx->rawimg.bit_depth = enccfg.g_bit_depth;
#endif

    if (ctx->is_alpha)
        vpx_img_wrap(&ctx->rawimg_alpha, VPX_IMG_FMT_I420, avctx->width, avctx->height, 1,
                     (unsigned char*)1);

    cpb_props = ff_add_cpb_side_data(avctx);
    if (!cpb_props)
        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);

    if (enccfg.rc_end_usage == VPX_CBR ||
        enccfg.g_pass != VPX_RC_ONE_PASS) {
        cpb_props->max_bitrate = avctx->rc_max_rate;
        cpb_props->min_bitrate = avctx->rc_min_rate;
        cpb_props->avg_bitrate = avctx->bit_rate;
    }
    cpb_props->buffer_size = avctx->rc_buffer_size;

    return 0;
}

static inline void cx_pktcpy(struct FrameListData *dst,
                             const struct vpx_codec_cx_pkt *src,
                             const struct vpx_codec_cx_pkt *src_alpha,
                             VPxContext *ctx)
{
    dst->pts      = src->data.frame.pts;
    dst->duration = src->data.frame.duration;
    dst->flags    = src->data.frame.flags;
    dst->sz       = src->data.frame.sz;
    dst->buf      = src->data.frame.buf;
    dst->have_sse = 0;
    /* For alt-ref frame, don't store PSNR or increment frame_number */
    if (!(dst->flags & VPX_FRAME_IS_INVISIBLE)) {
        dst->frame_number = ++ctx->frame_number;
        dst->have_sse = ctx->have_sse;
        if (ctx->have_sse) {
            /* associate last-seen SSE to the frame. */
            /* Transfers ownership from ctx to dst. */
            /* WARNING! This makes the assumption that PSNR_PKT comes
               just before the frame it refers to! */
            memcpy(dst->sse, ctx->sse, sizeof(dst->sse));
            ctx->have_sse = 0;
        }
    } else {
        dst->frame_number = -1;   /* sanity marker */
    }
    if (src_alpha) {
        dst->buf_alpha = src_alpha->data.frame.buf;
        dst->sz_alpha = src_alpha->data.frame.sz;
    } else {
        dst->buf_alpha = NULL;
        dst->sz_alpha = 0;
    }
}

/**
 * Store coded frame information in format suitable for return from encode2().
 *
 * Write information from @a cx_frame to @a pkt
 * @return packet data size on success
 * @return a negative AVERROR on error
 */
static int storeframe(AVCodecContext *avctx, struct FrameListData *cx_frame,
                      AVPacket *pkt)
{
    int ret = ff_alloc_packet2(avctx, pkt, cx_frame->sz, 0);
    uint8_t *side_data;
    if (ret >= 0) {
        int pict_type;
        memcpy(pkt->data, cx_frame->buf, pkt->size);
        pkt->pts = pkt->dts = cx_frame->pts;
#if FF_API_CODED_FRAME
FF_DISABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
        avctx->coded_frame->pts       = cx_frame->pts;
        avctx->coded_frame->key_frame = !!(cx_frame->flags & VPX_FRAME_IS_KEY);
FF_ENABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
#endif

        if (!!(cx_frame->flags & VPX_FRAME_IS_KEY)) {
            pict_type = AV_PICTURE_TYPE_I;
#if FF_API_CODED_FRAME
FF_DISABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
            avctx->coded_frame->pict_type = pict_type;
FF_ENABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
#endif
            pkt->flags |= AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY;
        } else {
            pict_type = AV_PICTURE_TYPE_P;
#if FF_API_CODED_FRAME
FF_DISABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
            avctx->coded_frame->pict_type = pict_type;
FF_ENABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
#endif
        }

        ff_side_data_set_encoder_stats(pkt, 0, cx_frame->sse + 1,
                                       cx_frame->have_sse ? 3 : 0, pict_type);

        if (cx_frame->have_sse) {
            int i;
            /* Beware of the Y/U/V/all order! */
#if FF_API_CODED_FRAME
FF_DISABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
            avctx->coded_frame->error[0] = cx_frame->sse[1];
            avctx->coded_frame->error[1] = cx_frame->sse[2];
            avctx->coded_frame->error[2] = cx_frame->sse[3];
            avctx->coded_frame->error[3] = 0;    // alpha
FF_ENABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
#endif
            for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
                avctx->error[i] += cx_frame->sse[i + 1];
            }
            cx_frame->have_sse = 0;
        }
        if (cx_frame->sz_alpha > 0) {
            side_data = av_packet_new_side_data(pkt,
                                                AV_PKT_DATA_MATROSKA_BLOCKADDITIONAL,
                                                cx_frame->sz_alpha + 8);
            if(!side_data) {
                av_packet_unref(pkt);
                av_free(pkt);
                return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
            }
            AV_WB64(side_data, 1);
            memcpy(side_data + 8, cx_frame->buf_alpha, cx_frame->sz_alpha);
        }
    } else {
        return ret;
    }
    return pkt->size;
}

/**
 * Queue multiple output frames from the encoder, returning the front-most.
 * In cases where vpx_codec_get_cx_data() returns more than 1 frame append
 * the frame queue. Return the head frame if available.
 * @return Stored frame size
 * @return AVERROR(EINVAL) on output size error
 * @return AVERROR(ENOMEM) on coded frame queue data allocation error
 */
static int queue_frames(AVCodecContext *avctx, AVPacket *pkt_out)
{
    VPxContext *ctx = avctx->priv_data;
    const struct vpx_codec_cx_pkt *pkt;
    const struct vpx_codec_cx_pkt *pkt_alpha = NULL;
    const void *iter = NULL;
    const void *iter_alpha = NULL;
    int size = 0;

    if (ctx->coded_frame_list) {
        struct FrameListData *cx_frame = ctx->coded_frame_list;
        /* return the leading frame if we've already begun queueing */
        size = storeframe(avctx, cx_frame, pkt_out);
        if (size < 0)
            return size;
        ctx->coded_frame_list = cx_frame->next;
        free_coded_frame(cx_frame);
    }

    /* consume all available output from the encoder before returning. buffers
       are only good through the next vpx_codec call */
    while ((pkt = vpx_codec_get_cx_data(&ctx->encoder, &iter)) &&
           (!ctx->is_alpha ||
            (ctx->is_alpha && (pkt_alpha = vpx_codec_get_cx_data(&ctx->encoder_alpha, &iter_alpha))))) {
        switch (pkt->kind) {
        case VPX_CODEC_CX_FRAME_PKT:
            if (!size) {
                struct FrameListData cx_frame;

                /* avoid storing the frame when the list is empty and we haven't yet
                   provided a frame for output */
                av_assert0(!ctx->coded_frame_list);
                cx_pktcpy(&cx_frame, pkt, pkt_alpha, ctx);
                size = storeframe(avctx, &cx_frame, pkt_out);
                if (size < 0)
                    return size;
            } else {
                struct FrameListData *cx_frame =
                    av_malloc(sizeof(struct FrameListData));

                if (!cx_frame) {
                    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR,
                           "Frame queue element alloc failed\n");
                    return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
                }
                cx_pktcpy(cx_frame, pkt, pkt_alpha, ctx);
                cx_frame->buf = av_malloc(cx_frame->sz);

                if (!cx_frame->buf) {
                    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR,
                           "Data buffer alloc (%"SIZE_SPECIFIER" bytes) failed\n",
                           cx_frame->sz);
                    av_freep(&cx_frame);
                    return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
                }
                memcpy(cx_frame->buf, pkt->data.frame.buf, pkt->data.frame.sz);
                if (ctx->is_alpha) {
                    cx_frame->buf_alpha = av_malloc(cx_frame->sz_alpha);
                    if (!cx_frame->buf_alpha) {
                        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR,
                               "Data buffer alloc (%"SIZE_SPECIFIER" bytes) failed\n",
                               cx_frame->sz_alpha);
                        av_free(cx_frame);
                        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
                    }
                    memcpy(cx_frame->buf_alpha, pkt_alpha->data.frame.buf, pkt_alpha->data.frame.sz);
                }
                coded_frame_add(&ctx->coded_frame_list, cx_frame);
            }
            break;
        case VPX_CODEC_STATS_PKT: {
            struct vpx_fixed_buf *stats = &ctx->twopass_stats;
            int err;
            if ((err = av_reallocp(&stats->buf,
                                   stats->sz +
                                   pkt->data.twopass_stats.sz)) < 0) {
                stats->sz = 0;
                av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Stat buffer realloc failed\n");
                return err;
            }
            memcpy((uint8_t*)stats->buf + stats->sz,
                   pkt->data.twopass_stats.buf, pkt->data.twopass_stats.sz);
            stats->sz += pkt->data.twopass_stats.sz;
            break;
        }
        case VPX_CODEC_PSNR_PKT:
            av_assert0(!ctx->have_sse);
            ctx->sse[0] = pkt->data.psnr.sse[0];
            ctx->sse[1] = pkt->data.psnr.sse[1];
            ctx->sse[2] = pkt->data.psnr.sse[2];
            ctx->sse[3] = pkt->data.psnr.sse[3];
            ctx->have_sse = 1;
            break;
        case VPX_CODEC_CUSTOM_PKT:
            //ignore unsupported/unrecognized packet types
            break;
        }
    }

    return size;
}

static int vpx_encode(AVCodecContext *avctx, AVPacket *pkt,
                      const AVFrame *frame, int *got_packet)
{
    VPxContext *ctx = avctx->priv_data;
    struct vpx_image *rawimg = NULL;
    struct vpx_image *rawimg_alpha = NULL;
    int64_t timestamp = 0;
    int res, coded_size;
    vpx_enc_frame_flags_t flags = 0;

    if (frame) {
        rawimg                      = &ctx->rawimg;
        rawimg->planes[VPX_PLANE_Y] = frame->data[0];
        rawimg->planes[VPX_PLANE_U] = frame->data[1];
        rawimg->planes[VPX_PLANE_V] = frame->data[2];
        rawimg->stride[VPX_PLANE_Y] = frame->linesize[0];
        rawimg->stride[VPX_PLANE_U] = frame->linesize[1];
        rawimg->stride[VPX_PLANE_V] = frame->linesize[2];
        if (ctx->is_alpha) {
            uint8_t *u_plane, *v_plane;
            rawimg_alpha = &ctx->rawimg_alpha;
            rawimg_alpha->planes[VPX_PLANE_Y] = frame->data[3];
            u_plane = av_malloc(frame->linesize[1] * frame->height);
            v_plane = av_malloc(frame->linesize[2] * frame->height);
            if (!u_plane || !v_plane) {
                av_free(u_plane);
                av_free(v_plane);
                return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
            }
            memset(u_plane, 0x80, frame->linesize[1] * frame->height);
            rawimg_alpha->planes[VPX_PLANE_U] = u_plane;
            memset(v_plane, 0x80, frame->linesize[2] * frame->height);
            rawimg_alpha->planes[VPX_PLANE_V] = v_plane;
            rawimg_alpha->stride[VPX_PLANE_Y] = frame->linesize[0];
            rawimg_alpha->stride[VPX_PLANE_U] = frame->linesize[1];
            rawimg_alpha->stride[VPX_PLANE_V] = frame->linesize[2];
        }
        timestamp                   = frame->pts;
        if (frame->pict_type == AV_PICTURE_TYPE_I)
            flags |= VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF;
    }

    res = vpx_codec_encode(&ctx->encoder, rawimg, timestamp,
                           avctx->ticks_per_frame, flags, ctx->deadline);
    if (res != VPX_CODEC_OK) {
        log_encoder_error(avctx, "Error encoding frame");
        return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
    }

    if (ctx->is_alpha) {
        res = vpx_codec_encode(&ctx->encoder_alpha, rawimg_alpha, timestamp,
                               avctx->ticks_per_frame, flags, ctx->deadline);
        if (res != VPX_CODEC_OK) {
            log_encoder_error(avctx, "Error encoding alpha frame");
            return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
        }
    }