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    /**
     * @file common.h
    
     * common internal and external api header.
    
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     */
    
    
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    #ifndef COMMON_H
    #define COMMON_H
    
    
    #ifndef M_PI
    #define M_PI    3.14159265358979323846
    #endif
    
    
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    #ifdef HAVE_AV_CONFIG_H
    
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    /* only include the following when compiling package */
    
    #    include "config.h"
    
    #    include <stdlib.h>
    #    include <stdio.h>
    #    include <string.h>
    
    #    include <ctype.h>
    
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    #    include <limits.h>
    
    #    ifndef __BEOS__
    #        include <errno.h>
    #    else
    #        include "berrno.h"
    #    endif
    #    include <math.h>
    
    #endif /* HAVE_AV_CONFIG_H */
    
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    /* Suppress restrict if it was not defined in config.h.  */
    #ifndef restrict
    
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    #ifndef always_inline
    
    #if defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ > 3 || __GNUC__ == 3 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 0)
    
    #    define always_inline __attribute__((always_inline)) inline
    
    #else
    
    #endif
    
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    #endif
    
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    #ifndef attribute_used
    
    #if defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ > 3 || __GNUC__ == 3 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 0)
    #    define attribute_used __attribute__((used))
    #else
    #    define attribute_used
    #endif
    
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    #endif
    
    #ifndef attribute_unused
    #if defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ > 3 || __GNUC__ == 3 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 0)
    #    define attribute_unused __attribute__((unused))
    #else
    #    define attribute_unused
    #endif
    #endif
    
    
    #   include <inttypes.h>
    #else
        typedef signed char  int8_t;
        typedef signed short int16_t;
        typedef signed int   int32_t;
        typedef unsigned char  uint8_t;
        typedef unsigned short uint16_t;
        typedef unsigned int   uint32_t;
    
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        typedef signed long long   int64_t;
        typedef unsigned long long uint64_t;
    
    #endif /* EMULATE_INTTYPES */
    
    #define PRIu64 "llu"
    #endif
    
    #ifndef PRIx64
    #define PRIx64 "llx"
    #endif
    
    #ifndef PRId32
    #define PRId32 "d"
    #endif
    
    #ifndef PRIdFAST16
    #define PRIdFAST16 PRId32
    #endif
    
    #ifndef PRIdFAST32
    #define PRIdFAST32 PRId32
    
    #ifndef INT16_MIN
    #define INT16_MIN       (-0x7fff-1)
    #endif
    
    #ifndef INT16_MAX
    #define INT16_MAX       0x7fff
    #endif
    
    
    #ifndef INT32_MIN
    #define INT32_MIN       (-0x7fffffff-1)
    #endif
    
    #ifndef INT32_MAX
    #define INT32_MAX       0x7fffffff
    #endif
    
    #ifndef UINT32_MAX
    #define UINT32_MAX      0xffffffff
    #endif
    
    
    #ifndef INT64_MIN
    #define INT64_MIN       (-0x7fffffffffffffffLL-1)
    #endif
    
    
    #define INT64_MAX int64_t_C(9223372036854775807)
    
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    #ifndef UINT64_MAX
    #define UINT64_MAX uint64_t_C(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)
    #endif
    
    
    #ifdef EMULATE_FAST_INT
    typedef signed char int_fast8_t;
    typedef signed int  int_fast16_t;
    typedef signed int  int_fast32_t;
    typedef unsigned char uint_fast8_t;
    typedef unsigned int  uint_fast16_t;
    typedef unsigned int  uint_fast32_t;
    
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    #ifndef INT_BIT
    
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    #    if INT_MAX != 2147483647
    
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    #        define INT_BIT 64
    #    else
    #        define INT_BIT 32
    #    endif
    #endif
    
    
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    #ifndef int64_t_C
    #define int64_t_C(c)     (c ## LL)
    #define uint64_t_C(c)    (c ## ULL)
    #endif
    
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    #if defined(__MINGW32__) && !defined(BUILD_AVUTIL) && defined(BUILD_SHARED_AV)
    #  define FF_IMPORT_ATTR __declspec(dllimport)
    #else
    #  define FF_IMPORT_ATTR
    #endif
    
    
    
    #ifdef HAVE_AV_CONFIG_H
    /* only include the following when compiling package */
    #    include "internal.h"
    #endif
    
    //rounded divison & shift
    
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    #define RSHIFT(a,b) ((a) > 0 ? ((a) + ((1<<(b))>>1))>>(b) : ((a) + ((1<<(b))>>1)-1)>>(b))
    
    /* assume b>0 */
    #define ROUNDED_DIV(a,b) (((a)>0 ? (a) + ((b)>>1) : (a) - ((b)>>1))/(b))
    
    #define ABS(a) ((a) >= 0 ? (a) : (-(a)))
    
    #define FFMAX(a,b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
    #define FFMIN(a,b) ((a) > (b) ? (b) : (a))
    
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    /* misc math functions */
    
    extern FF_IMPORT_ATTR const uint8_t ff_log2_tab[256];
    
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    static inline int av_log2(unsigned int v)
    
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    {
        int n;
    
        n = 0;
        if (v & 0xffff0000) {
            v >>= 16;
            n += 16;
        }
        if (v & 0xff00) {
            v >>= 8;
            n += 8;
        }
    
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        n += ff_log2_tab[v];
    
        return n;
    }
    
    static inline int av_log2_16bit(unsigned int v)
    {
        int n;
    
        n = 0;
        if (v & 0xff00) {
            v >>= 8;
            n += 8;
    
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        }
    
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        n += ff_log2_tab[v];
    
    
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        return n;
    }
    
    
    /* median of 3 */
    static inline int mid_pred(int a, int b, int c)
    {
    
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    #if 0
        int t= (a-b)&((a-b)>>31);
        a-=t;
        b+=t;
        b-= (b-c)&((b-c)>>31);
        b+= (a-b)&((a-b)>>31);
    
        return b;
    #else
        if(a>b){
            if(c>b){
                if(c>a) b=a;
                else    b=c;
            }
        }else{
            if(b>c){
                if(c>a) b=c;
                else    b=a;
            }
        }
        return b;
    #endif
    
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    /**
     * clip a signed integer value into the amin-amax range
     * @param a value to clip
     * @param amin minimum value of the clip range
     * @param amax maximum value of the clip range
     * @return cliped value
     */
    
    static inline int clip(int a, int amin, int amax)
    {
    
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        if (a < amin)      return amin;
        else if (a > amax) return amax;
        else               return a;
    
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    /**
     * clip a signed integer value into the 0-255 range
     * @param a value to clip
     * @return cliped value
     */
    
    {
        if (a&(~255)) return (-a)>>31;
        else          return a;
    }
    
    
    /**
     * converts fourcc string to int
     */
    
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    static inline int ff_get_fourcc(const char *s){
    
        assert( strlen(s)==4 );
    
        return (s[0]) + (s[1]<<8) + (s[2]<<16) + (s[3]<<24);
    }
    
    
    #define MKTAG(a,b,c,d) (a | (b << 8) | (c << 16) | (d << 24))
    #define MKBETAG(a,b,c,d) (d | (c << 8) | (b << 16) | (a << 24))
    
    
    
    #define GET_UTF8(val, GET_BYTE, ERROR)\
        val= GET_BYTE;\
        {\
            int ones= 7 - av_log2(val ^ 255);\
            if(ones==1)\
                ERROR\
            val&= 127>>ones;\
            while(--ones > 0){\
                int tmp= GET_BYTE - 128;\
                if(tmp>>6)\
                    ERROR\
                val= (val<<6) + tmp;\
            }\
        }
    
    #if defined(ARCH_X86) || defined(ARCH_X86_64) || defined(ARCH_POWERPC)
    
    #if defined(ARCH_X86_64)
    
    static inline uint64_t read_time(void)
    
            uint64_t a, d;
            asm volatile(   "rdtsc\n\t"
                    : "=a" (a), "=d" (d)
            );
            return (d << 32) | (a & 0xffffffff);
    
    #elif defined(ARCH_X86)
    static inline long long read_time(void)
    
            long long l;
            asm volatile(   "rdtsc\n\t"
                    : "=A" (l)
            );
            return l;
    
    #else //FIXME check ppc64
    static inline uint64_t read_time(void)
    {
        uint32_t tbu, tbl, temp;
    
         /* from section 2.2.1 of the 32-bit PowerPC PEM */
         __asm__ __volatile__(
             "1:\n"
             "mftbu  %2\n"
             "mftb   %0\n"
             "mftbu  %1\n"
             "cmpw   %2,%1\n"
             "bne    1b\n"
         : "=r"(tbl), "=r"(tbu), "=r"(temp)
         :
         : "cc");
    
         return (((uint64_t)tbu)<<32) | (uint64_t)tbl;
    }
    
    
    #define START_TIMER \
    uint64_t tend;\
    
    
    #define STOP_TIMER(id) \
    
    {\
      static uint64_t tsum=0;\
      static int tcount=0;\
      static int tskip_count=0;\
      if(tcount<2 || tend - tstart < 8*tsum/tcount){\
          tsum+= tend - tstart;\
          tcount++;\
      }else\
          tskip_count++;\
      if(256*256*256*64%(tcount+tskip_count)==0){\
    
          av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "%"PRIu64" dezicycles in %s, %d runs, %d skips\n", tsum*10/tcount, id, tcount, tskip_count);\
    
    #define START_TIMER
    
    #define STOP_TIMER(id) {}
    
    /* memory */
    void *av_malloc(unsigned int size);
    void *av_realloc(void *ptr, unsigned int size);
    void av_free(void *ptr);
    
    
    #endif /* COMMON_H */