avconv.c

    ic->flags |= AVFMT_FLAG_NONBLOCK;
    ic->interrupt_callback = int_cb;

    /* open the input file with generic libav function */
    err = avformat_open_input(&ic, filename, file_iformat, &format_opts);
    if (err < 0) {
        print_error(filename, err);
        exit_program(1);
    }
    assert_avoptions(format_opts);

    /* apply forced codec ids */
    for (i = 0; i < ic->nb_streams; i++)
        choose_decoder(o, ic, ic->streams[i]);

    /* Set AVCodecContext options for avformat_find_stream_info */
    opts = setup_find_stream_info_opts(ic, codec_opts);
    orig_nb_streams = ic->nb_streams;

    /* If not enough info to get the stream parameters, we decode the
       first frames to get it. (used in mpeg case for example) */
    ret = avformat_find_stream_info(ic, opts);
    if (ret < 0) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "%s: could not find codec parameters\n", filename);
        av_close_input_file(ic);
        exit_program(1);
    }

    timestamp = o->start_time;
    /* add the stream start time */
    if (ic->start_time != AV_NOPTS_VALUE)
        timestamp += ic->start_time;

    /* if seeking requested, we execute it */
    if (o->start_time != 0) {
        ret = av_seek_frame(ic, -1, timestamp, AVSEEK_FLAG_BACKWARD);
        if (ret < 0) {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_WARNING, "%s: could not seek to position %0.3f\n",
                   filename, (double)timestamp / AV_TIME_BASE);
        }
    }

    /* update the current parameters so that they match the one of the input stream */
    add_input_streams(o, ic);

    /* dump the file content */
    av_dump_format(ic, nb_input_files, filename, 0);

    input_files = grow_array(input_files, sizeof(*input_files), &nb_input_files, nb_input_files + 1);
    input_files[nb_input_files - 1].ctx        = ic;
    input_files[nb_input_files - 1].ist_index  = nb_input_streams - ic->nb_streams;
    input_files[nb_input_files - 1].ts_offset  = o->input_ts_offset - (copy_ts ? 0 : timestamp);
    input_files[nb_input_files - 1].nb_streams = ic->nb_streams;
    input_files[nb_input_files - 1].rate_emu   = o->rate_emu;

    for (i = 0; i < o->nb_dump_attachment; i++) {
        int j;

        for (j = 0; j < ic->nb_streams; j++) {
            AVStream *st = ic->streams[j];

            if (check_stream_specifier(ic, st, o->dump_attachment[i].specifier) == 1)
                dump_attachment(st, o->dump_attachment[i].u.str);
        }
    }

    for (i = 0; i < orig_nb_streams; i++)
        av_dict_free(&opts[i]);
    av_freep(&opts);

    reset_options(o);
    return 0;
}

static void parse_forced_key_frames(char *kf, OutputStream *ost,
                                    AVCodecContext *avctx)
{
    char *p;
    int n = 1, i;
    int64_t t;

    for (p = kf; *p; p++)
        if (*p == ',')
            n++;
    ost->forced_kf_count = n;
    ost->forced_kf_pts = av_malloc(sizeof(*ost->forced_kf_pts) * n);
    if (!ost->forced_kf_pts) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Could not allocate forced key frames array.\n");
        exit_program(1);
    }
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        p = i ? strchr(p, ',') + 1 : kf;
        t = parse_time_or_die("force_key_frames", p, 1);
        ost->forced_kf_pts[i] = av_rescale_q(t, AV_TIME_BASE_Q, avctx->time_base);
    }
}

static uint8_t *get_line(AVIOContext *s)
{
    AVIOContext *line;
    uint8_t *buf;
    char c;

    if (avio_open_dyn_buf(&line) < 0) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Could not alloc buffer for reading preset.\n");
        exit_program(1);
    }

    while ((c = avio_r8(s)) && c != '\n')
        avio_w8(line, c);
    avio_w8(line, 0);
    avio_close_dyn_buf(line, &buf);

    return buf;
}

static int get_preset_file_2(const char *preset_name, const char *codec_name, AVIOContext **s)
{
    int i, ret = 1;
    char filename[1000];
    const char *base[3] = { getenv("AVCONV_DATADIR"),
                            getenv("HOME"),
                            AVCONV_DATADIR,
                            };

    for (i = 0; i < FF_ARRAY_ELEMS(base) && ret; i++) {
        if (!base[i])
            continue;
        if (codec_name) {
            snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s%s/%s-%s.avpreset", base[i],
                     i != 1 ? "" : "/.avconv", codec_name, preset_name);
            ret = avio_open2(s, filename, AVIO_FLAG_READ, &int_cb, NULL);
        }
        if (ret) {
            snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s%s/%s.avpreset", base[i],
                     i != 1 ? "" : "/.avconv", preset_name);
            ret = avio_open2(s, filename, AVIO_FLAG_READ, &int_cb, NULL);
        }
    }
    return ret;
}

static void choose_encoder(OptionsContext *o, AVFormatContext *s, OutputStream *ost)
{
    char *codec_name = NULL;

    MATCH_PER_STREAM_OPT(codec_names, str, codec_name, s, ost->st);
    if (!codec_name) {
        ost->st->codec->codec_id = av_guess_codec(s->oformat, NULL, s->filename,
                                                  NULL, ost->st->codec->codec_type);
        ost->enc = avcodec_find_encoder(ost->st->codec->codec_id);
    } else if (!strcmp(codec_name, "copy"))
        ost->stream_copy = 1;
    else {
        ost->enc = find_codec_or_die(codec_name, ost->st->codec->codec_type, 1);
        ost->st->codec->codec_id = ost->enc->id;
    }
}

static OutputStream *new_output_stream(OptionsContext *o, AVFormatContext *oc, enum AVMediaType type)
{
    OutputStream *ost;
    AVStream *st = avformat_new_stream(oc, NULL);
    int idx      = oc->nb_streams - 1, ret = 0;
    char *bsf = NULL, *next, *codec_tag = NULL;
    AVBitStreamFilterContext *bsfc, *bsfc_prev = NULL;
    double qscale = -1;
    char *buf = NULL, *arg = NULL, *preset = NULL;
    AVIOContext *s = NULL;

    if (!st) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Could not alloc stream.\n");
        exit_program(1);
    }

    if (oc->nb_streams - 1 < o->nb_streamid_map)
        st->id = o->streamid_map[oc->nb_streams - 1];

    output_streams = grow_array(output_streams, sizeof(*output_streams), &nb_output_streams,
                                nb_output_streams + 1);
    ost = &output_streams[nb_output_streams - 1];
    ost->file_index = nb_output_files;
    ost->index = idx;
    ost->st    = st;
    st->codec->codec_type = type;
    choose_encoder(o, oc, ost);
    if (ost->enc) {
        ost->opts  = filter_codec_opts(codec_opts, ost->enc->id, oc, st);
    }

    avcodec_get_context_defaults3(st->codec, ost->enc);
    st->codec->codec_type = type; // XXX hack, avcodec_get_context_defaults2() sets type to unknown for stream copy

    MATCH_PER_STREAM_OPT(presets, str, preset, oc, st);
    if (preset && (!(ret = get_preset_file_2(preset, ost->enc->name, &s)))) {
        do  {
            buf = get_line(s);
            if (!buf[0] || buf[0] == '#') {
                av_free(buf);
                continue;
            }
            if (!(arg = strchr(buf, '='))) {
                av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Invalid line found in the preset file.\n");
                exit_program(1);
            }
            *arg++ = 0;
            av_dict_set(&ost->opts, buf, arg, AV_DICT_DONT_OVERWRITE);
            av_free(buf);
        } while (!s->eof_reached);
        avio_close(s);
    }
    if (ret) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL,
               "Preset %s specified for stream %d:%d, but could not be opened.\n",
               preset, ost->file_index, ost->index);
        exit_program(1);
    }

    ost->max_frames = INT64_MAX;
    MATCH_PER_STREAM_OPT(max_frames, i64, ost->max_frames, oc, st);

    MATCH_PER_STREAM_OPT(bitstream_filters, str, bsf, oc, st);
    while (bsf) {
        if (next = strchr(bsf, ','))
            *next++ = 0;
        if (!(bsfc = av_bitstream_filter_init(bsf))) {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Unknown bitstream filter %s\n", bsf);
            exit_program(1);
        }
        if (bsfc_prev)
            bsfc_prev->next = bsfc;
        else
            ost->bitstream_filters = bsfc;

        bsfc_prev = bsfc;
        bsf       = next;
    }

    MATCH_PER_STREAM_OPT(codec_tags, str, codec_tag, oc, st);
    if (codec_tag) {
        uint32_t tag = strtol(codec_tag, &next, 0);
        if (*next)
            tag = AV_RL32(codec_tag);
        st->codec->codec_tag = tag;
    }

    MATCH_PER_STREAM_OPT(qscale, dbl, qscale, oc, st);
    if (qscale >= 0 || same_quant) {
        st->codec->flags |= CODEC_FLAG_QSCALE;
        st->codec->global_quality = FF_QP2LAMBDA * qscale;
    }

    if (oc->oformat->flags & AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER)
        st->codec->flags |= CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;

    av_opt_get_int(sws_opts, "sws_flags", 0, &ost->sws_flags);
    return ost;
}

static void parse_matrix_coeffs(uint16_t *dest, const char *str)
{
    int i;
    const char *p = str;
    for(i = 0;; i++) {
        dest[i] = atoi(p);
        if(i == 63)
            break;
        p = strchr(p, ',');
        if(!p) {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Syntax error in matrix \"%s\" at coeff %d\n", str, i);
            exit_program(1);
        }
        p++;
    }
}

static OutputStream *new_video_stream(OptionsContext *o, AVFormatContext *oc)
{
    AVStream *st;
    OutputStream *ost;
    AVCodecContext *video_enc;

    ost = new_output_stream(o, oc, AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO);
    st  = ost->st;
    video_enc = st->codec;

    if (!ost->stream_copy) {
        const char *p = NULL;
        char *forced_key_frames = NULL, *frame_rate = NULL, *frame_size = NULL;
        char *frame_aspect_ratio = NULL, *frame_pix_fmt = NULL;
        char *intra_matrix = NULL, *inter_matrix = NULL, *filters = NULL;
        int i;

        MATCH_PER_STREAM_OPT(frame_rates, str, frame_rate, oc, st);
        if (frame_rate && av_parse_video_rate(&ost->frame_rate, frame_rate) < 0) {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Invalid framerate value: %s\n", frame_rate);
            exit_program(1);
        }

        MATCH_PER_STREAM_OPT(frame_sizes, str, frame_size, oc, st);
        if (frame_size && av_parse_video_size(&video_enc->width, &video_enc->height, frame_size) < 0) {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Invalid frame size: %s.\n", frame_size);
            exit_program(1);
        }

        MATCH_PER_STREAM_OPT(frame_aspect_ratios, str, frame_aspect_ratio, oc, st);
        if (frame_aspect_ratio)
            ost->frame_aspect_ratio = parse_frame_aspect_ratio(frame_aspect_ratio);

        MATCH_PER_STREAM_OPT(frame_pix_fmts, str, frame_pix_fmt, oc, st);
        if (frame_pix_fmt && (video_enc->pix_fmt = av_get_pix_fmt(frame_pix_fmt)) == PIX_FMT_NONE) {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Unknown pixel format requested: %s.\n", frame_pix_fmt);
            exit_program(1);
        }
        st->sample_aspect_ratio = video_enc->sample_aspect_ratio;

        MATCH_PER_STREAM_OPT(intra_matrices, str, intra_matrix, oc, st);
        if (intra_matrix) {
            if (!(video_enc->intra_matrix = av_mallocz(sizeof(*video_enc->intra_matrix) * 64))) {
                av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Could not allocate memory for intra matrix.\n");
                exit_program(1);
            }
            parse_matrix_coeffs(video_enc->intra_matrix, intra_matrix);
        }
        MATCH_PER_STREAM_OPT(inter_matrices, str, inter_matrix, oc, st);
        if (inter_matrix) {
            if (!(video_enc->inter_matrix = av_mallocz(sizeof(*video_enc->inter_matrix) * 64))) {
                av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Could not allocate memory for inter matrix.\n");
                exit_program(1);
            }
            parse_matrix_coeffs(video_enc->inter_matrix, inter_matrix);
        }

        MATCH_PER_STREAM_OPT(rc_overrides, str, p, oc, st);
        for(i=0; p; i++){
            int start, end, q;
            int e=sscanf(p, "%d,%d,%d", &start, &end, &q);
            if(e!=3){
                av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "error parsing rc_override\n");
                exit_program(1);
            }
            video_enc->rc_override=
                av_realloc(video_enc->rc_override,
                           sizeof(RcOverride)*(i+1));
            video_enc->rc_override[i].start_frame= start;
            video_enc->rc_override[i].end_frame  = end;
            if(q>0){
                video_enc->rc_override[i].qscale= q;
                video_enc->rc_override[i].quality_factor= 1.0;
            }
            else{
                video_enc->rc_override[i].qscale= 0;
                video_enc->rc_override[i].quality_factor= -q/100.0;
            }
            p= strchr(p, '/');
            if(p) p++;
        }
        video_enc->rc_override_count=i;
        if (!video_enc->rc_initial_buffer_occupancy)
            video_enc->rc_initial_buffer_occupancy = video_enc->rc_buffer_size*3/4;
        video_enc->intra_dc_precision= intra_dc_precision - 8;

        /* two pass mode */
        if (do_pass) {
            if (do_pass == 1) {
                video_enc->flags |= CODEC_FLAG_PASS1;
            } else {
                video_enc->flags |= CODEC_FLAG_PASS2;
            }
        }

        MATCH_PER_STREAM_OPT(forced_key_frames, str, forced_key_frames, oc, st);
        if (forced_key_frames)
            parse_forced_key_frames(forced_key_frames, ost, video_enc);

        MATCH_PER_STREAM_OPT(force_fps, i, ost->force_fps, oc, st);

        ost->top_field_first = -1;
        MATCH_PER_STREAM_OPT(top_field_first, i, ost->top_field_first, oc, st);

        MATCH_PER_STREAM_OPT(copy_initial_nonkeyframes, i, ost->copy_initial_nonkeyframes, oc ,st);

#if CONFIG_AVFILTER
        MATCH_PER_STREAM_OPT(filters, str, filters, oc, st);
        if (filters)
            ost->avfilter = av_strdup(filters);
#endif
    }

    return ost;
}

static OutputStream *new_audio_stream(OptionsContext *o, AVFormatContext *oc)
{
    AVStream *st;
    OutputStream *ost;
    AVCodecContext *audio_enc;

    ost = new_output_stream(o, oc, AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO);
    st  = ost->st;

    audio_enc = st->codec;
    audio_enc->codec_type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO;

    if (!ost->stream_copy) {
        char *sample_fmt = NULL;

        MATCH_PER_STREAM_OPT(audio_channels, i, audio_enc->channels, oc, st);

        MATCH_PER_STREAM_OPT(sample_fmts, str, sample_fmt, oc, st);
        if (sample_fmt &&
            (audio_enc->sample_fmt = av_get_sample_fmt(sample_fmt)) == AV_SAMPLE_FMT_NONE) {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Invalid sample format '%s'\n", sample_fmt);
            exit_program(1);
        }

        MATCH_PER_STREAM_OPT(audio_sample_rate, i, audio_enc->sample_rate, oc, st);
    }

    return ost;
}

static OutputStream *new_data_stream(OptionsContext *o, AVFormatContext *oc)
{
    OutputStream *ost;

    ost = new_output_stream(o, oc, AVMEDIA_TYPE_DATA);
    if (!ost->stream_copy) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Data stream encoding not supported yet (only streamcopy)\n");
        exit_program(1);
    }

    return ost;
}

static OutputStream *new_attachment_stream(OptionsContext *o, AVFormatContext *oc)
{
    OutputStream *ost = new_output_stream(o, oc, AVMEDIA_TYPE_ATTACHMENT);
    ost->stream_copy = 1;
    return ost;
}

static OutputStream *new_subtitle_stream(OptionsContext *o, AVFormatContext *oc)
{
    AVStream *st;
    OutputStream *ost;
    AVCodecContext *subtitle_enc;

    ost = new_output_stream(o, oc, AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE);
    st  = ost->st;
    subtitle_enc = st->codec;

    subtitle_enc->codec_type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE;

    return ost;
}

/* arg format is "output-stream-index:streamid-value". */
static int opt_streamid(OptionsContext *o, const char *opt, const char *arg)
{
    int idx;
    char *p;
    char idx_str[16];

    av_strlcpy(idx_str, arg, sizeof(idx_str));
    p = strchr(idx_str, ':');
    if (!p) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL,
               "Invalid value '%s' for option '%s', required syntax is 'index:value'\n",
               arg, opt);
        exit_program(1);
    }
    *p++ = '\0';
    idx = parse_number_or_die(opt, idx_str, OPT_INT, 0, INT_MAX);
    o->streamid_map = grow_array(o->streamid_map, sizeof(*o->streamid_map), &o->nb_streamid_map, idx+1);
    o->streamid_map[idx] = parse_number_or_die(opt, p, OPT_INT, 0, INT_MAX);
    return 0;
}

static int copy_chapters(InputFile *ifile, OutputFile *ofile, int copy_metadata)
{
    AVFormatContext *is = ifile->ctx;
    AVFormatContext *os = ofile->ctx;
    int i;

    for (i = 0; i < is->nb_chapters; i++) {
        AVChapter *in_ch = is->chapters[i], *out_ch;
        int64_t ts_off   = av_rescale_q(ofile->start_time - ifile->ts_offset,
                                      AV_TIME_BASE_Q, in_ch->time_base);
        int64_t rt       = (ofile->recording_time == INT64_MAX) ? INT64_MAX :
                           av_rescale_q(ofile->recording_time, AV_TIME_BASE_Q, in_ch->time_base);


        if (in_ch->end < ts_off)
            continue;
        if (rt != INT64_MAX && in_ch->start > rt + ts_off)
            break;

        out_ch = av_mallocz(sizeof(AVChapter));
        if (!out_ch)
            return AVERROR(ENOMEM);

        out_ch->id        = in_ch->id;
        out_ch->time_base = in_ch->time_base;
        out_ch->start     = FFMAX(0,  in_ch->start - ts_off);
        out_ch->end       = FFMIN(rt, in_ch->end   - ts_off);

        if (copy_metadata)
            av_dict_copy(&out_ch->metadata, in_ch->metadata, 0);

        os->nb_chapters++;
        os->chapters = av_realloc(os->chapters, sizeof(AVChapter)*os->nb_chapters);
        if (!os->chapters)
            return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
        os->chapters[os->nb_chapters - 1] = out_ch;
    }
    return 0;
}

static int read_avserver_streams(OptionsContext *o, AVFormatContext *s, const char *filename)
{
    int i, err;
    AVFormatContext *ic = avformat_alloc_context();

    ic->interrupt_callback = int_cb;
    err = avformat_open_input(&ic, filename, NULL, NULL);
    if (err < 0)
        return err;
    /* copy stream format */
    for(i=0;i<ic->nb_streams;i++) {
        AVStream *st;
        OutputStream *ost;
        AVCodec *codec;

        codec = avcodec_find_encoder(ic->streams[i]->codec->codec_id);
        ost   = new_output_stream(o, s, codec->type);
        st    = ost->st;

        // FIXME: a more elegant solution is needed
        memcpy(st, ic->streams[i], sizeof(AVStream));
        st->info = NULL;
        avcodec_copy_context(st->codec, ic->streams[i]->codec);

        if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO && !ost->stream_copy)
            choose_sample_fmt(st, codec);
        else if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO && !ost->stream_copy)
            choose_pixel_fmt(st, codec);
    }

    av_close_input_file(ic);
    return 0;
}

static void opt_output_file(void *optctx, const char *filename)
{
    OptionsContext *o = optctx;
    AVFormatContext *oc;
    int i, err;
    AVOutputFormat *file_oformat;
    OutputStream *ost;
    InputStream  *ist;

    if (!strcmp(filename, "-"))
        filename = "pipe:";

    oc = avformat_alloc_context();
    if (!oc) {
        print_error(filename, AVERROR(ENOMEM));
        exit_program(1);
    }

    if (o->format) {
        file_oformat = av_guess_format(o->format, NULL, NULL);
        if (!file_oformat) {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Requested output format '%s' is not a suitable output format\n", o->format);
            exit_program(1);
        }
    } else {
        file_oformat = av_guess_format(NULL, filename, NULL);
        if (!file_oformat) {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Unable to find a suitable output format for '%s'\n",
                   filename);
            exit_program(1);
        }
    }

    oc->oformat = file_oformat;
    oc->interrupt_callback = int_cb;
    av_strlcpy(oc->filename, filename, sizeof(oc->filename));

    if (!strcmp(file_oformat->name, "ffm") &&
        av_strstart(filename, "http:", NULL)) {
        /* special case for files sent to avserver: we get the stream
           parameters from avserver */
        int err = read_avserver_streams(o, oc, filename);
        if (err < 0) {
            print_error(filename, err);
            exit_program(1);
        }
    } else if (!o->nb_stream_maps) {
        /* pick the "best" stream of each type */
#define NEW_STREAM(type, index)\
        if (index >= 0) {\
            ost = new_ ## type ## _stream(o, oc);\
            ost->source_index = index;\
            ost->sync_ist     = &input_streams[index];\
            input_streams[index].discard = 0;\
        }

        /* video: highest resolution */
        if (!o->video_disable && oc->oformat->video_codec != CODEC_ID_NONE) {
            int area = 0, idx = -1;
            for (i = 0; i < nb_input_streams; i++) {
                ist = &input_streams[i];
                if (ist->st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO &&
                    ist->st->codec->width * ist->st->codec->height > area) {
                    area = ist->st->codec->width * ist->st->codec->height;
                    idx = i;
                }
            }
            NEW_STREAM(video, idx);
        }

        /* audio: most channels */
        if (!o->audio_disable && oc->oformat->audio_codec != CODEC_ID_NONE) {
            int channels = 0, idx = -1;
            for (i = 0; i < nb_input_streams; i++) {
                ist = &input_streams[i];
                if (ist->st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO &&
                    ist->st->codec->channels > channels) {
                    channels = ist->st->codec->channels;
                    idx = i;
                }
            }
            NEW_STREAM(audio, idx);
        }

        /* subtitles: pick first */
        if (!o->subtitle_disable && oc->oformat->subtitle_codec != CODEC_ID_NONE) {
            for (i = 0; i < nb_input_streams; i++)
                if (input_streams[i].st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE) {
                    NEW_STREAM(subtitle, i);
                    break;
                }
        }
        /* do something with data? */
    } else {
        for (i = 0; i < o->nb_stream_maps; i++) {
            StreamMap *map = &o->stream_maps[i];

            if (map->disabled)
                continue;

            ist = &input_streams[input_files[map->file_index].ist_index + map->stream_index];
            switch (ist->st->codec->codec_type) {
            case AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO:    ost = new_video_stream(o, oc);    break;
            case AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO:    ost = new_audio_stream(o, oc);    break;
            case AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE: ost = new_subtitle_stream(o, oc); break;
            case AVMEDIA_TYPE_DATA:     ost = new_data_stream(o, oc);     break;
            case AVMEDIA_TYPE_ATTACHMENT: ost = new_attachment_stream(o, oc); break;
            default:
                av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Cannot map stream #%d:%d - unsupported type.\n",
                       map->file_index, map->stream_index);
                exit_program(1);
            }

            ost->source_index = input_files[map->file_index].ist_index + map->stream_index;
            ost->sync_ist = &input_streams[input_files[map->sync_file_index].ist_index +
                                           map->sync_stream_index];
            ist->discard = 0;
        }
    }

    /* handle attached files */
    for (i = 0; i < o->nb_attachments; i++) {
        AVIOContext *pb;
        uint8_t *attachment;
        const char *p;
        int64_t len;

        if ((err = avio_open2(&pb, o->attachments[i], AVIO_FLAG_READ, &int_cb, NULL)) < 0) {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Could not open attachment file %s.\n",
                   o->attachments[i]);
            exit_program(1);
        }
        if ((len = avio_size(pb)) <= 0) {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Could not get size of the attachment %s.\n",
                   o->attachments[i]);
            exit_program(1);
        }
        if (!(attachment = av_malloc(len))) {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Attachment %s too large to fit into memory.\n",
                   o->attachments[i]);
            exit_program(1);
        }
        avio_read(pb, attachment, len);

        ost = new_attachment_stream(o, oc);
        ost->stream_copy               = 0;
        ost->source_index              = -1;
        ost->attachment_filename       = o->attachments[i];
        ost->st->codec->extradata      = attachment;
        ost->st->codec->extradata_size = len;

        p = strrchr(o->attachments[i], '/');
        av_dict_set(&ost->st->metadata, "filename", (p && *p) ? p + 1 : o->attachments[i], AV_DICT_DONT_OVERWRITE);
        avio_close(pb);
    }

    output_files = grow_array(output_files, sizeof(*output_files), &nb_output_files, nb_output_files + 1);
    output_files[nb_output_files - 1].ctx       = oc;
    output_files[nb_output_files - 1].ost_index = nb_output_streams - oc->nb_streams;
    output_files[nb_output_files - 1].recording_time = o->recording_time;
    output_files[nb_output_files - 1].start_time     = o->start_time;
    output_files[nb_output_files - 1].limit_filesize = o->limit_filesize;
    av_dict_copy(&output_files[nb_output_files - 1].opts, format_opts, 0);

    /* check filename in case of an image number is expected */
    if (oc->oformat->flags & AVFMT_NEEDNUMBER) {
        if (!av_filename_number_test(oc->filename)) {
            print_error(oc->filename, AVERROR(EINVAL));
            exit_program(1);
        }
    }

    if (!(oc->oformat->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE)) {
        /* test if it already exists to avoid loosing precious files */
        assert_file_overwrite(filename);

        /* open the file */
        if ((err = avio_open2(&oc->pb, filename, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE,
                              &oc->interrupt_callback,
                              &output_files[nb_output_files - 1].opts)) < 0) {
            print_error(filename, err);
            exit_program(1);
        }
    }

    if (o->mux_preload) {
        uint8_t buf[64];
        snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", (int)(o->mux_preload*AV_TIME_BASE));
        av_dict_set(&output_files[nb_output_files - 1].opts, "preload", buf, 0);
    }
    oc->max_delay = (int)(o->mux_max_delay * AV_TIME_BASE);
    oc->flags |= AVFMT_FLAG_NONBLOCK;

    /* copy chapters */
    if (o->chapters_input_file >= nb_input_files) {
        if (o->chapters_input_file == INT_MAX) {
            /* copy chapters from the first input file that has them*/
            o->chapters_input_file = -1;
            for (i = 0; i < nb_input_files; i++)
                if (input_files[i].ctx->nb_chapters) {
                    o->chapters_input_file = i;
                    break;
                }
        } else {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Invalid input file index %d in chapter mapping.\n",
                   o->chapters_input_file);
            exit_program(1);
        }
    }
    if (o->chapters_input_file >= 0)
        copy_chapters(&input_files[o->chapters_input_file], &output_files[nb_output_files - 1],
                      !o->metadata_chapters_manual);

    /* copy metadata */
    for (i = 0; i < o->nb_meta_data_maps; i++) {
        AVFormatContext *files[2];
        AVDictionary    **meta[2];
        int j;

#define METADATA_CHECK_INDEX(index, nb_elems, desc)\
        if ((index) < 0 || (index) >= (nb_elems)) {\
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Invalid %s index %d while processing metadata maps\n",\
                     (desc), (index));\
            exit_program(1);\
        }

        int in_file_index = o->meta_data_maps[i][1].file;
        if (in_file_index < 0)
            continue;
        METADATA_CHECK_INDEX(in_file_index, nb_input_files, "input file")

        files[0] = oc;
        files[1] = input_files[in_file_index].ctx;

        for (j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
            MetadataMap *map = &o->meta_data_maps[i][j];

            switch (map->type) {
            case 'g':
                meta[j] = &files[j]->metadata;
                break;
            case 's':
                METADATA_CHECK_INDEX(map->index, files[j]->nb_streams, "stream")
                meta[j] = &files[j]->streams[map->index]->metadata;
                break;
            case 'c':
                METADATA_CHECK_INDEX(map->index, files[j]->nb_chapters, "chapter")
                meta[j] = &files[j]->chapters[map->index]->metadata;
                break;
            case 'p':
                METADATA_CHECK_INDEX(map->index, files[j]->nb_programs, "program")
                meta[j] = &files[j]->programs[map->index]->metadata;
                break;
            }
        }

        av_dict_copy(meta[0], *meta[1], AV_DICT_DONT_OVERWRITE);
    }

    /* copy global metadata by default */
    if (!o->metadata_global_manual && nb_input_files)
        av_dict_copy(&oc->metadata, input_files[0].ctx->metadata,
                     AV_DICT_DONT_OVERWRITE);
    if (!o->metadata_streams_manual)
        for (i = output_files[nb_output_files - 1].ost_index; i < nb_output_streams; i++) {
            InputStream *ist;
            if (output_streams[i].source_index < 0)         /* this is true e.g. for attached files */
                continue;
            ist = &input_streams[output_streams[i].source_index];
            av_dict_copy(&output_streams[i].st->metadata, ist->st->metadata, AV_DICT_DONT_OVERWRITE);
        }

    /* process manually set metadata */
    for (i = 0; i < o->nb_metadata; i++) {
        AVDictionary **m;
        char type, *val;
        int index = 0;

        val = strchr(o->metadata[i].u.str, '=');
        if (!val) {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "No '=' character in metadata string %s.\n",
                   o->metadata[i].u.str);
            exit_program(1);
        }
        *val++ = 0;

        parse_meta_type(o->metadata[i].specifier, &type, &index);
        switch (type) {
        case 'g':
            m = &oc->metadata;
            break;
        case 's':
            if (index < 0 || index >= oc->nb_streams) {
                av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Invalid stream index %d in metadata specifier.\n", index);
                exit_program(1);
            }
            m = &oc->streams[index]->metadata;
            break;
        case 'c':
            if (index < 0 || index >= oc->nb_chapters) {
                av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Invalid chapter index %d in metadata specifier.\n", index);
                exit_program(1);
            }
            m = &oc->chapters[index]->metadata;
            break;
        default:
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Invalid metadata specifier %s.\n", o->metadata[i].specifier);
            exit_program(1);
        }

        av_dict_set(m, o->metadata[i].u.str, *val ? val : NULL, 0);
    }

    reset_options(o);
}

/* same option as mencoder */
static int opt_pass(const char *opt, const char *arg)
{
    do_pass = parse_number_or_die(opt, arg, OPT_INT, 1, 2);
    return 0;
}

static int64_t getutime(void)
{
#if HAVE_GETRUSAGE
    struct rusage rusage;

    getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &rusage);
    return (rusage.ru_utime.tv_sec * 1000000LL) + rusage.ru_utime.tv_usec;
#elif HAVE_GETPROCESSTIMES
    HANDLE proc;
    FILETIME c, e, k, u;
    proc = GetCurrentProcess();
    GetProcessTimes(proc, &c, &e, &k, &u);
    return ((int64_t) u.dwHighDateTime << 32 | u.dwLowDateTime) / 10;
#else
    return av_gettime();
#endif
}

static int64_t getmaxrss(void)
{
#if HAVE_GETRUSAGE && HAVE_STRUCT_RUSAGE_RU_MAXRSS
    struct rusage rusage;
    getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &rusage);
    return (int64_t)rusage.ru_maxrss * 1024;
#elif HAVE_GETPROCESSMEMORYINFO
    HANDLE proc;
    PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS memcounters;
    proc = GetCurrentProcess();
    memcounters.cb = sizeof(memcounters);
    GetProcessMemoryInfo(proc, &memcounters, sizeof(memcounters));
    return memcounters.PeakPagefileUsage;
#else
    return 0;
#endif
}

static int opt_audio_qscale(OptionsContext *o, const char *opt, const char *arg)
{
    return parse_option(o, "q:a", arg, options);
}

static void show_usage(void)
{
    printf("Hyper fast Audio and Video encoder\n");
    printf("usage: %s [options] [[infile options] -i infile]... {[outfile options] outfile}...\n", program_name);
    printf("\n");
}

static void show_help(void)
{
    int flags = AV_OPT_FLAG_DECODING_PARAM | AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM;
    av_log_set_callback(log_callback_help);
    show_usage();
    show_help_options(options, "Main options:\n",
                      OPT_EXPERT | OPT_AUDIO | OPT_VIDEO | OPT_SUBTITLE | OPT_GRAB, 0);
    show_help_options(options, "\nAdvanced options:\n",
                      OPT_EXPERT | OPT_AUDIO | OPT_VIDEO | OPT_SUBTITLE | OPT_GRAB,
                      OPT_EXPERT);
    show_help_options(options, "\nVideo options:\n",
                      OPT_EXPERT | OPT_AUDIO | OPT_VIDEO | OPT_GRAB,
                      OPT_VIDEO);
    show_help_options(options, "\nAdvanced Video options:\n",
                      OPT_EXPERT | OPT_AUDIO | OPT_VIDEO | OPT_GRAB,
                      OPT_VIDEO | OPT_EXPERT);
    show_help_options(options, "\nAudio options:\n",
                      OPT_EXPERT | OPT_AUDIO | OPT_VIDEO | OPT_GRAB,
                      OPT_AUDIO);
    show_help_options(options, "\nAdvanced Audio options:\n",
                      OPT_EXPERT | OPT_AUDIO | OPT_VIDEO | OPT_GRAB,
                      OPT_AUDIO | OPT_EXPERT);
    show_help_options(options, "\nSubtitle options:\n",
                      OPT_SUBTITLE | OPT_GRAB,
                      OPT_SUBTITLE);
    show_help_options(options, "\nAudio/Video grab options:\n",
                      OPT_GRAB,
                      OPT_GRAB);
    printf("\n");
    show_help_children(avcodec_get_class(), flags);
    show_help_children(avformat_get_class(), flags);
    show_help_children(sws_get_class(), flags);
}

static int opt_target(OptionsContext *o, const char *opt, const char *arg)
{
    enum { PAL, NTSC, FILM, UNKNOWN } norm = UNKNOWN;
    static const char *const frame_rates[] = {"25", "30000/1001", "24000/1001"};

    if(!strncmp(arg, "pal-", 4)) {
        norm = PAL;
        arg += 4;
    } else if(!strncmp(arg, "ntsc-", 5)) {
        norm = NTSC;
        arg += 5;
    } else if(!strncmp(arg, "film-", 5)) {
        norm = FILM;
        arg += 5;
    } else {
        /* Try to determine PAL/NTSC by peeking in the input files */
        if(nb_input_files) {
            int i, j, fr;
            for (j = 0; j < nb_input_files; j++) {
                for (i = 0; i < input_files[j].nb_streams; i++) {
                    AVCodecContext *c = input_files[j].ctx->streams[i]->codec;
                    if(c->codec_type != AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO)
                        continue;
                    fr = c->time_base.den * 1000 / c->time_base.num;
                    if(fr == 25000) {
                        norm = PAL;
                        break;
                    } else if((fr == 29970) || (fr == 23976)) {
                        norm = NTSC;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if(norm != UNKNOWN)
                    break;
            }
        }
        if (norm != UNKNOWN)
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_INFO, "Assuming %s for target.\n", norm == PAL ? "PAL" : "NTSC");
    }

    if(norm == UNKNOWN) {